A Review on the Techniques Used and Status of Equivalent Black Carbon Measurement in Two Major Asian Countries
Abstract Black Carbon (BC) is a major pollutant that poses immediate health as well as long-term climatic threat to human civilization. Globally, India and China are considered to be among the significant contributors of carbonaceous aerosol. Therefore, in the recent past, several studies on BC meas...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5572/ajae.2021.044 |
| _version_ | 1797416143353282560 |
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| author | Arpit Malik Shankar G. Aggarwal |
| author_facet | Arpit Malik Shankar G. Aggarwal |
| author_sort | Arpit Malik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Black Carbon (BC) is a major pollutant that poses immediate health as well as long-term climatic threat to human civilization. Globally, India and China are considered to be among the significant contributors of carbonaceous aerosol. Therefore, in the recent past, several studies on BC measurements have been conducted and reported in both these countries. Optical absorbance measurement techniques which give BC mass by measuring light absorbance of aerosol have been used widely. Keeping these facts in mind, here an attempt has been made to realise the current state of Equivalent Black Carbon (EBC) measurement done in both countries. Eighty EBC measurement studies published in last 15 years (2005–2020) are analysed on the basis of technique, instrumentation and various important parameters involved in measurements. It is found that EBC measurements in India and China contain large uncertainties, and available data are metrologically insufficient to realise spatial distribution and long-term temporal variation precisely. Furthermore, MERRA-2 Surface Black Carbon (SBC) levels and EBC measurements are compared and evaluated for biases between spatial and temporal variation of modelled data and ground measurements. It is observed that standardization of measurement technique and parameters involved in measurement is the need of the hour. Lack of a reference method creates inconsistency and discrepancy among the measurements. Recommendations for selection of parameter/instrument and cautious measures are provided as conclusion based on this review to improve overall metrology of BC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:59:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-63fa39b3932e40beba4d07de857db28f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1976-6912 2287-1160 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:59:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment |
| spelling | doaj.art-63fa39b3932e40beba4d07de857db28f2023-12-03T12:10:35ZengSpringerAsian Journal of Atmospheric Environment1976-69122287-11602021-09-0115313210.5572/ajae.2021.044A Review on the Techniques Used and Status of Equivalent Black Carbon Measurement in Two Major Asian CountriesArpit Malik0Shankar G. Aggarwal1Environmental Sciences & Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical LaboratoryEnvironmental Sciences & Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical LaboratoryAbstract Black Carbon (BC) is a major pollutant that poses immediate health as well as long-term climatic threat to human civilization. Globally, India and China are considered to be among the significant contributors of carbonaceous aerosol. Therefore, in the recent past, several studies on BC measurements have been conducted and reported in both these countries. Optical absorbance measurement techniques which give BC mass by measuring light absorbance of aerosol have been used widely. Keeping these facts in mind, here an attempt has been made to realise the current state of Equivalent Black Carbon (EBC) measurement done in both countries. Eighty EBC measurement studies published in last 15 years (2005–2020) are analysed on the basis of technique, instrumentation and various important parameters involved in measurements. It is found that EBC measurements in India and China contain large uncertainties, and available data are metrologically insufficient to realise spatial distribution and long-term temporal variation precisely. Furthermore, MERRA-2 Surface Black Carbon (SBC) levels and EBC measurements are compared and evaluated for biases between spatial and temporal variation of modelled data and ground measurements. It is observed that standardization of measurement technique and parameters involved in measurement is the need of the hour. Lack of a reference method creates inconsistency and discrepancy among the measurements. Recommendations for selection of parameter/instrument and cautious measures are provided as conclusion based on this review to improve overall metrology of BC.https://doi.org/10.5572/ajae.2021.044Equivalent Black Carbon (EBC)Measurement techniques15 Years data trendMERRA-2 Surface Black Carbon (SBC)Metrology of BC |
| spellingShingle | Arpit Malik Shankar G. Aggarwal A Review on the Techniques Used and Status of Equivalent Black Carbon Measurement in Two Major Asian Countries Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment Equivalent Black Carbon (EBC) Measurement techniques 15 Years data trend MERRA-2 Surface Black Carbon (SBC) Metrology of BC |
| title | A Review on the Techniques Used and Status of Equivalent Black Carbon Measurement in Two Major Asian Countries |
| title_full | A Review on the Techniques Used and Status of Equivalent Black Carbon Measurement in Two Major Asian Countries |
| title_fullStr | A Review on the Techniques Used and Status of Equivalent Black Carbon Measurement in Two Major Asian Countries |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review on the Techniques Used and Status of Equivalent Black Carbon Measurement in Two Major Asian Countries |
| title_short | A Review on the Techniques Used and Status of Equivalent Black Carbon Measurement in Two Major Asian Countries |
| title_sort | review on the techniques used and status of equivalent black carbon measurement in two major asian countries |
| topic | Equivalent Black Carbon (EBC) Measurement techniques 15 Years data trend MERRA-2 Surface Black Carbon (SBC) Metrology of BC |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5572/ajae.2021.044 |
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