Effects of Inter- and Intra-Specific Interactions on Moose Habitat Selection Limited by Temperature
Habitat selection and daily activity patterns of large herbivores might be affected by inter- and intra-specific interaction, changes of spatial scale, and seasonal temperature. To reveal what factors were driving the habitat selection of moose, we collected moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6401 |
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| author | Heng Bao Penghui Zhai Dusu Wen Weihua Zhang Ye Li Feifei Yang Xin Liang Fan Yang Nathan J. Roberts Yanchun Xu Guangshun Jiang |
| author_facet | Heng Bao Penghui Zhai Dusu Wen Weihua Zhang Ye Li Feifei Yang Xin Liang Fan Yang Nathan J. Roberts Yanchun Xu Guangshun Jiang |
| author_sort | Heng Bao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Habitat selection and daily activity patterns of large herbivores might be affected by inter- and intra-specific interaction, changes of spatial scale, and seasonal temperature. To reveal what factors were driving the habitat selection of moose, we collected moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) and roe deer (<i>Capreolus pygargus bedfordi</i>) occurrence data, analyzed the multi-scale habitat selection and daily activity patterns of moose, and quantified the effects of spatial heterogeneity distribution of temperature, as well as the occurrence of roe deer on these habitat selection processes. Our results suggested that moose and roe deer distribution spatially overlap and that moose habitat selection is especially sensitive to landscape variables at large scales. We also found that the activity patterns of both sexes of moose had a degree of temporal separation with roe deer. In the snow-free season, temperatures drove moose habitat selection to be limited by threshold temperatures of 17 °C; in the snowy season, there were no similar temperature driving patterns, due to the severe cold environment. The daily activity patterns of moose showed seasonal change, and were more active at dawn and nightfall to avoid heat pressure during the snow-free season, but more active in the daytime for cold adaptation to the snow season. Consequently, this study provides new insights on how the comprehensive effects of environmental change and inter- and intra- specific relationships influence the habitat selection and daily activity patterns of moose and other heat sensitive animals with global warming. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:53:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-63faab8f0f5e464d934dfe71865b5c57 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:53:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-63faab8f0f5e464d934dfe71865b5c572023-11-24T17:49:07ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-12-011424640110.3390/rs14246401Effects of Inter- and Intra-Specific Interactions on Moose Habitat Selection Limited by TemperatureHeng Bao0Penghui Zhai1Dusu Wen2Weihua Zhang3Ye Li4Feifei Yang5Xin Liang6Fan Yang7Nathan J. Roberts8Yanchun Xu9Guangshun Jiang10Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaFeline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaFeline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaInner Mongolia Hanma National Nature Reserve, Genhe, Hulunbuir 022359, ChinaInner Mongolia Hanma National Nature Reserve, Genhe, Hulunbuir 022359, ChinaFeline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaFeline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaFeline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaFeline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaFeline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaFeline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaHabitat selection and daily activity patterns of large herbivores might be affected by inter- and intra-specific interaction, changes of spatial scale, and seasonal temperature. To reveal what factors were driving the habitat selection of moose, we collected moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) and roe deer (<i>Capreolus pygargus bedfordi</i>) occurrence data, analyzed the multi-scale habitat selection and daily activity patterns of moose, and quantified the effects of spatial heterogeneity distribution of temperature, as well as the occurrence of roe deer on these habitat selection processes. Our results suggested that moose and roe deer distribution spatially overlap and that moose habitat selection is especially sensitive to landscape variables at large scales. We also found that the activity patterns of both sexes of moose had a degree of temporal separation with roe deer. In the snow-free season, temperatures drove moose habitat selection to be limited by threshold temperatures of 17 °C; in the snowy season, there were no similar temperature driving patterns, due to the severe cold environment. The daily activity patterns of moose showed seasonal change, and were more active at dawn and nightfall to avoid heat pressure during the snow-free season, but more active in the daytime for cold adaptation to the snow season. Consequently, this study provides new insights on how the comprehensive effects of environmental change and inter- and intra- specific relationships influence the habitat selection and daily activity patterns of moose and other heat sensitive animals with global warming.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6401camera trappinghabitat selectioninter and intra-specific relationshipsspatial scaletemperature |
| spellingShingle | Heng Bao Penghui Zhai Dusu Wen Weihua Zhang Ye Li Feifei Yang Xin Liang Fan Yang Nathan J. Roberts Yanchun Xu Guangshun Jiang Effects of Inter- and Intra-Specific Interactions on Moose Habitat Selection Limited by Temperature Remote Sensing camera trapping habitat selection inter and intra-specific relationships spatial scale temperature |
| title | Effects of Inter- and Intra-Specific Interactions on Moose Habitat Selection Limited by Temperature |
| title_full | Effects of Inter- and Intra-Specific Interactions on Moose Habitat Selection Limited by Temperature |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Inter- and Intra-Specific Interactions on Moose Habitat Selection Limited by Temperature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Inter- and Intra-Specific Interactions on Moose Habitat Selection Limited by Temperature |
| title_short | Effects of Inter- and Intra-Specific Interactions on Moose Habitat Selection Limited by Temperature |
| title_sort | effects of inter and intra specific interactions on moose habitat selection limited by temperature |
| topic | camera trapping habitat selection inter and intra-specific relationships spatial scale temperature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6401 |
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