Bluetooth 5 Energy Management through a Fuzzy-PSO Solution for Mobile Devices of Internet of Things
Energy efficiency is a fundamental requirement for a wireless protocol to be suitable for use within the Internet of Things. New technologies are emerging aiming at an energy-efficient communication. Among them, Bluetooth Low Energy is an appealing solution. Recently, the specifications of Bluetooth...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-07-01
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| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/7/992 |
| _version_ | 1798043206672187392 |
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| author | Giovanni Pau Mario Collotta Vincenzo Maniscalco |
| author_facet | Giovanni Pau Mario Collotta Vincenzo Maniscalco |
| author_sort | Giovanni Pau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Energy efficiency is a fundamental requirement for a wireless protocol to be suitable for use within the Internet of Things. New technologies are emerging aiming at an energy-efficient communication. Among them, Bluetooth Low Energy is an appealing solution. Recently, the specifications of Bluetooth 5 have been presented with the purpose to offer significant enhancements compared to the earlier versions of the protocol. Bluetooth 5 comes with new communication modes that differ in range, speed, and energy consumption. This paper proposes a fuzzy-based solution to cope with the selection of the communication mode, among those introduced with Bluetooth 5, that allows the best energy efficiency. This communication mode, used by mobile devices, is dynamically regulated by varying the transmission power, returned as the output of a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). A Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented to achieve the optimal parameters of the proposed FLC, i.e., optimizing the triangular membership functions, by varying their range, to reach the best results concerning the battery life of mobile devices. The proposed FLC is based on triangular membership functions because they represent a good trade-off between computation cost and efficiency. The paper presents a detailed description of the FLC design, a logical analysis of the PSO algorithm for the derivation of best performance conditions values, and experimental assessments, obtained through testbed scenarios. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:46:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-640bf805f3094e839f970636b34fd49c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:46:12Z |
| publishDate | 2017-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-640bf805f3094e839f970636b34fd49c2022-12-22T03:58:44ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732017-07-0110799210.3390/en10070992en10070992Bluetooth 5 Energy Management through a Fuzzy-PSO Solution for Mobile Devices of Internet of ThingsGiovanni Pau0Mario Collotta1Vincenzo Maniscalco2Kore University of Enna, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, ItalyKore University of Enna, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, ItalyKore University of Enna, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, ItalyEnergy efficiency is a fundamental requirement for a wireless protocol to be suitable for use within the Internet of Things. New technologies are emerging aiming at an energy-efficient communication. Among them, Bluetooth Low Energy is an appealing solution. Recently, the specifications of Bluetooth 5 have been presented with the purpose to offer significant enhancements compared to the earlier versions of the protocol. Bluetooth 5 comes with new communication modes that differ in range, speed, and energy consumption. This paper proposes a fuzzy-based solution to cope with the selection of the communication mode, among those introduced with Bluetooth 5, that allows the best energy efficiency. This communication mode, used by mobile devices, is dynamically regulated by varying the transmission power, returned as the output of a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). A Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented to achieve the optimal parameters of the proposed FLC, i.e., optimizing the triangular membership functions, by varying their range, to reach the best results concerning the battery life of mobile devices. The proposed FLC is based on triangular membership functions because they represent a good trade-off between computation cost and efficiency. The paper presents a detailed description of the FLC design, a logical analysis of the PSO algorithm for the derivation of best performance conditions values, and experimental assessments, obtained through testbed scenarios.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/7/992Bluetooth low energyBluetooth 5communication modeenergy efficiencyfuzzy logic controllerparticle swarm optimization |
| spellingShingle | Giovanni Pau Mario Collotta Vincenzo Maniscalco Bluetooth 5 Energy Management through a Fuzzy-PSO Solution for Mobile Devices of Internet of Things Energies Bluetooth low energy Bluetooth 5 communication mode energy efficiency fuzzy logic controller particle swarm optimization |
| title | Bluetooth 5 Energy Management through a Fuzzy-PSO Solution for Mobile Devices of Internet of Things |
| title_full | Bluetooth 5 Energy Management through a Fuzzy-PSO Solution for Mobile Devices of Internet of Things |
| title_fullStr | Bluetooth 5 Energy Management through a Fuzzy-PSO Solution for Mobile Devices of Internet of Things |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bluetooth 5 Energy Management through a Fuzzy-PSO Solution for Mobile Devices of Internet of Things |
| title_short | Bluetooth 5 Energy Management through a Fuzzy-PSO Solution for Mobile Devices of Internet of Things |
| title_sort | bluetooth 5 energy management through a fuzzy pso solution for mobile devices of internet of things |
| topic | Bluetooth low energy Bluetooth 5 communication mode energy efficiency fuzzy logic controller particle swarm optimization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/7/992 |
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