Life events and psychosis: case–control study from India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago
Background There is evidence of an association between life events and psychosis in Europe, North America and Australasia, but few studies have examined this association in the rest of the world. Aims To test the association between exposure to life events and psychosis in catchment areas in India,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2022-09-01
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| Series: | BJPsych Open |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472422005622/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1811156915416203264 |
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| author | Ibidunni O. Oloniniyi Helen A. Weiss Sujit John Oluyomi Esan Maia Hibben Vikram Patel Robin M. Murray Alex Cohen Gerard Hutchinson Oye Gureje Rangaswamy Thara Craig Morgan Tessa Roberts |
| author_facet | Ibidunni O. Oloniniyi Helen A. Weiss Sujit John Oluyomi Esan Maia Hibben Vikram Patel Robin M. Murray Alex Cohen Gerard Hutchinson Oye Gureje Rangaswamy Thara Craig Morgan Tessa Roberts |
| author_sort | Ibidunni O. Oloniniyi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background
There is evidence of an association between life events and psychosis in Europe, North America and Australasia, but few studies have examined this association in the rest of the world.
Aims
To test the association between exposure to life events and psychosis in catchment areas in India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago.
Method
We conducted a population-based, matched case–control study of 194 participants in India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago. Cases were recruited through comprehensive population-based, case-finding strategies. The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire was used to measure life events. The Screening Schedule for Psychosis was used to screen for psychotic symptoms. The association between psychosis and having experienced life events (experienced or witnessed) was estimated by conditional logistic regression.
Results
There was no overall evidence of an association between psychosis and having experienced or witnessed life events (adjusted odds ratio 1.19, 95% CI 0.62–2.28). We found evidence of effect modification by site (P = 0.002), with stronger evidence of an association in India (adjusted odds ratio 1.56, 95% CI 1.03–2.34), inconclusive evidence in Nigeria (adjusted odds ratio 1.17, 95% CI 0.95–1.45) and evidence of an inverse association in Trinidad and Tobago (adjusted odds ratio 0.66, 95% CI 0.44–0.97).
Conclusions
This study found no overall evidence of an association between witnessing or experiencing life events and psychotic disorder across three culturally and economically diverse countries. There was preliminary evidence that the association varies between settings.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:58:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-640ea045ca374981b84f0b448ceb7f98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2056-4724 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:58:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BJPsych Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-640ea045ca374981b84f0b448ceb7f982023-03-09T12:29:21ZengCambridge University PressBJPsych Open2056-47242022-09-01810.1192/bjo.2022.562Life events and psychosis: case–control study from India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and TobagoIbidunni O. Oloniniyi0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2272-5155Helen A. Weiss1Sujit John2Oluyomi Esan3Maia Hibben4Vikram Patel5Robin M. Murray6Alex Cohen7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5040-0342Gerard Hutchinson8Oye Gureje9Rangaswamy Thara10Craig Morgan11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1386-2369Tessa Roberts12https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8584-4162Department of Health Services and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UKMRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UKDepartment of Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Research Foundation, IndiaDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Trinidad and TobagoDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USADepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UKCentre for Global Mental Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UKDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Trinidad and TobagoWHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neuroscience and Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, University of Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Research Foundation, IndiaESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, UKESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, UKBackground There is evidence of an association between life events and psychosis in Europe, North America and Australasia, but few studies have examined this association in the rest of the world. Aims To test the association between exposure to life events and psychosis in catchment areas in India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago. Method We conducted a population-based, matched case–control study of 194 participants in India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago. Cases were recruited through comprehensive population-based, case-finding strategies. The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire was used to measure life events. The Screening Schedule for Psychosis was used to screen for psychotic symptoms. The association between psychosis and having experienced life events (experienced or witnessed) was estimated by conditional logistic regression. Results There was no overall evidence of an association between psychosis and having experienced or witnessed life events (adjusted odds ratio 1.19, 95% CI 0.62–2.28). We found evidence of effect modification by site (P = 0.002), with stronger evidence of an association in India (adjusted odds ratio 1.56, 95% CI 1.03–2.34), inconclusive evidence in Nigeria (adjusted odds ratio 1.17, 95% CI 0.95–1.45) and evidence of an inverse association in Trinidad and Tobago (adjusted odds ratio 0.66, 95% CI 0.44–0.97). Conclusions This study found no overall evidence of an association between witnessing or experiencing life events and psychotic disorder across three culturally and economically diverse countries. There was preliminary evidence that the association varies between settings. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472422005622/type/journal_articlePsychosislife eventsIndiaNigeriaTrinidad and Tobago |
| spellingShingle | Ibidunni O. Oloniniyi Helen A. Weiss Sujit John Oluyomi Esan Maia Hibben Vikram Patel Robin M. Murray Alex Cohen Gerard Hutchinson Oye Gureje Rangaswamy Thara Craig Morgan Tessa Roberts Life events and psychosis: case–control study from India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago BJPsych Open Psychosis life events India Nigeria Trinidad and Tobago |
| title | Life events and psychosis: case–control study from India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago |
| title_full | Life events and psychosis: case–control study from India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago |
| title_fullStr | Life events and psychosis: case–control study from India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago |
| title_full_unstemmed | Life events and psychosis: case–control study from India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago |
| title_short | Life events and psychosis: case–control study from India, Nigeria, and Trinidad and Tobago |
| title_sort | life events and psychosis case control study from india nigeria and trinidad and tobago |
| topic | Psychosis life events India Nigeria Trinidad and Tobago |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472422005622/type/journal_article |
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