Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress
Aim: The study was to evaluate the relationship between the first service conception (FSC) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress. Materials and Methods: Dairy cows from 43 dairy farms giving birth between November 2014 and April 2015 (n=295) contri...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Veterinary World
2018-11-01
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| Series: | Veterinary World |
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| Online Access: | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.11/November-2018/13.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819139307863015424 |
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| author | Suppada Kananub John A. VanLeeuwen Pipat Arunvipas |
| author_facet | Suppada Kananub John A. VanLeeuwen Pipat Arunvipas |
| author_sort | Suppada Kananub |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aim: The study was to evaluate the relationship between the first service conception (FSC) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress.
Materials and Methods: Dairy cows from 43 dairy farms giving birth between November 2014 and April 2015 (n=295) contributed to the study. All cows were sampled monthly to measure milk compositions, and we collected additional farm data from farmers through a questionnaire. The first service during the first 120 days of lactation was the outcome of interest in this study. Multivariable logistic regression determined significant associations with FSC.
Results: The overall FSC was 22% and the mean MUN concentration was 11.55 mg/dl. The final FSC model included MUN concentration, the season of breeding, and protein energy ratio (PE ratio) in the diet. The odds of FSC were reduced by approximately 10% for each mg/dl higher MUN on the day of the milk sample that was nearest to the artificial insemination (AI) day. The odds of FSC were nearly 3 times higher when the first insemination occurred in winter compared to summer first services. Taking into account the nutritional factors, the odds of FSC were nearly 70% higher with an increase in PE ratio of 10 g of crude protein/Mcal from the mean of 35.90 g.
Conclusion: This study of smallholder dairy farmers in the hot and humid climate of Thailand confirmed that season, nutritional management, and MUN concentration were associated with FSC. MUN appears to be a useful indicator to monitor the effects of diet on reproductive performance from this study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:20:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-64181f7030de4b9baf3c6b55f17452a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-8988 2231-0916 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:20:35Z |
| publishDate | 2018-11-01 |
| publisher | Veterinary World |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary World |
| spelling | doaj.art-64181f7030de4b9baf3c6b55f17452a02022-12-21T18:27:52ZengVeterinary WorldVeterinary World0972-89882231-09162018-11-0111111604160810.14202/vetworld.2018.1604-1608Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stressSuppada Kananub0John A. VanLeeuwen1Pipat Arunvipas2Department of Large Animals and Wildlife Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada.Department of Large Animals and Wildlife Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.Aim: The study was to evaluate the relationship between the first service conception (FSC) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress. Materials and Methods: Dairy cows from 43 dairy farms giving birth between November 2014 and April 2015 (n=295) contributed to the study. All cows were sampled monthly to measure milk compositions, and we collected additional farm data from farmers through a questionnaire. The first service during the first 120 days of lactation was the outcome of interest in this study. Multivariable logistic regression determined significant associations with FSC. Results: The overall FSC was 22% and the mean MUN concentration was 11.55 mg/dl. The final FSC model included MUN concentration, the season of breeding, and protein energy ratio (PE ratio) in the diet. The odds of FSC were reduced by approximately 10% for each mg/dl higher MUN on the day of the milk sample that was nearest to the artificial insemination (AI) day. The odds of FSC were nearly 3 times higher when the first insemination occurred in winter compared to summer first services. Taking into account the nutritional factors, the odds of FSC were nearly 70% higher with an increase in PE ratio of 10 g of crude protein/Mcal from the mean of 35.90 g. Conclusion: This study of smallholder dairy farmers in the hot and humid climate of Thailand confirmed that season, nutritional management, and MUN concentration were associated with FSC. MUN appears to be a useful indicator to monitor the effects of diet on reproductive performance from this study.http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.11/November-2018/13.pdffirst service conceptionmilk urea nitrogensmallholder farm |
| spellingShingle | Suppada Kananub John A. VanLeeuwen Pipat Arunvipas Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress Veterinary World first service conception milk urea nitrogen smallholder farm |
| title | Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress |
| title_full | Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress |
| title_fullStr | Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress |
| title_short | Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress |
| title_sort | association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress |
| topic | first service conception milk urea nitrogen smallholder farm |
| url | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.11/November-2018/13.pdf |
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