Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Roles of Viral Oncoproteins in Carcinogenesis
The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is the first herpesvirus identified to be associated with human cancers known to infect the majority of the world population. EBV-associated malignancies are associated with a latent form of infection, and several of the EBV-encoded latent proteins are known to mediate c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fonc.2018.00265/full |
| _version_ | 1811254364826763264 |
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| author | Ahmed El-Sharkawy Ahmed El-Sharkawy Lobna Al Zaidan Ahmed Malki |
| author_facet | Ahmed El-Sharkawy Ahmed El-Sharkawy Lobna Al Zaidan Ahmed Malki |
| author_sort | Ahmed El-Sharkawy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is the first herpesvirus identified to be associated with human cancers known to infect the majority of the world population. EBV-associated malignancies are associated with a latent form of infection, and several of the EBV-encoded latent proteins are known to mediate cellular transformation. These include six nuclear antigens and three latent membrane proteins (LMPs). In lymphoid and epithelial tumors, viral latent gene expressions have distinct pattern. In both primary and metastatic tumors, the constant expression of latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) at the RNA level suggests that this protein is the key player in the EBV-associated tumorigenesis. While LMP2A contributing to the malignant transformation possibly by cooperating with the aberrant host genome. This can be done in part by dysregulating signaling pathways at multiple points, notably in the cell cycle and apoptotic pathways. Recent studies also have confirmed that LMP1 and LMP2 contribute to carcinoma progression and that this may reflect the combined effects of these proteins on activation of multiple signaling pathways. This review article aims to investigate the aforementioned EBV-encoded proteins that reveal established roles in tumor formation, with a greater emphasis on the oncogenic LMPs (LMP1 and LMP2A) and their roles in dysregulating signaling pathways. It also aims to provide a quick look on the six members of the EBV nuclear antigens and their roles in dysregulating apoptosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:06:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6427af77532844c0aa4355461b59915c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:06:04Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6427af77532844c0aa4355461b59915c2022-12-22T03:23:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2018-08-01810.3389/fonc.2018.00265380969Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Roles of Viral Oncoproteins in CarcinogenesisAhmed El-Sharkawy0Ahmed El-Sharkawy1Lobna Al Zaidan2Ahmed Malki3Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “A. Buzzati-Traverso” (IGB)-CNR, Naples, ItalyBiomolecular Science Programme, Università Degli Studi Della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, ItalyBiomedical Science Department, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, QatarBiomedical Science Department, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, QatarThe Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is the first herpesvirus identified to be associated with human cancers known to infect the majority of the world population. EBV-associated malignancies are associated with a latent form of infection, and several of the EBV-encoded latent proteins are known to mediate cellular transformation. These include six nuclear antigens and three latent membrane proteins (LMPs). In lymphoid and epithelial tumors, viral latent gene expressions have distinct pattern. In both primary and metastatic tumors, the constant expression of latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) at the RNA level suggests that this protein is the key player in the EBV-associated tumorigenesis. While LMP2A contributing to the malignant transformation possibly by cooperating with the aberrant host genome. This can be done in part by dysregulating signaling pathways at multiple points, notably in the cell cycle and apoptotic pathways. Recent studies also have confirmed that LMP1 and LMP2 contribute to carcinoma progression and that this may reflect the combined effects of these proteins on activation of multiple signaling pathways. This review article aims to investigate the aforementioned EBV-encoded proteins that reveal established roles in tumor formation, with a greater emphasis on the oncogenic LMPs (LMP1 and LMP2A) and their roles in dysregulating signaling pathways. It also aims to provide a quick look on the six members of the EBV nuclear antigens and their roles in dysregulating apoptosis.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fonc.2018.00265/fullBurkitt’s lymphomanasopharyngeal carcinomaB-cells lymphomaHodgkin’s lymphomanon-Hodgkin’s lymphomaoncoproteins |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed El-Sharkawy Ahmed El-Sharkawy Lobna Al Zaidan Ahmed Malki Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Roles of Viral Oncoproteins in Carcinogenesis Frontiers in Oncology Burkitt’s lymphoma nasopharyngeal carcinoma B-cells lymphoma Hodgkin’s lymphoma non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma oncoproteins |
| title | Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Roles of Viral Oncoproteins in Carcinogenesis |
| title_full | Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Roles of Viral Oncoproteins in Carcinogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Roles of Viral Oncoproteins in Carcinogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Roles of Viral Oncoproteins in Carcinogenesis |
| title_short | Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Roles of Viral Oncoproteins in Carcinogenesis |
| title_sort | epstein barr virus associated malignancies roles of viral oncoproteins in carcinogenesis |
| topic | Burkitt’s lymphoma nasopharyngeal carcinoma B-cells lymphoma Hodgkin’s lymphoma non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma oncoproteins |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fonc.2018.00265/full |
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