| Summary: | Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs can decrease non-optimal use of antibiotics in hospital settings. There are limited data on AMS programs in burn and chronic wound centers in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). A post-prescription review and feedback (PPRF) program was implemented in three hospitals in Nepal with a focus on wound and burn care. A total of 241 baseline and 236 post-intervention patient chart data were collected from three hospitals. There was a significant decrease in utilizing days of therapy per 1000 patient days (DOT/1000 PD) of penicillin (<i>p</i> = 0.02), aminoglycoside (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and cephalosporin (<i>p</i> = 0.04). Increases in DOT/1000 PD at post-intervention were significant for metronidazole (<i>p</i> < 0.001), quinolone (<i>p</i> = 0.01), and other antibiotics (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Changes in use of antibiotics varied across hospitals, e.g., cephalosporin use decreased significantly at Kirtipur Hospital (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences (<i>p</i> = 0.02), but not at Kathmandu Model Hospital (<i>p</i> = 0.59). An independent review conducted by infectious disease specialists at the Henry Ford Health System revealed significant changes in antibiotic prescribing practices both overall and by hospital. There was a decrease in mean number of intravenous antibiotic days between baseline (10.1 (SD 8.8)) and post-intervention (8.8 (SD 6.5)) (<i>t</i> = 3.56; <i>p</i> < 0.001), but no difference for oral antibiotics. Compared to baseline, over the 6-month post-intervention period, we found an increase in justified use of antibiotics (<i>p</i> < 0.001), de-escalation (<i>p</i> < 0.001), accurate documentation (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and adherence to the study antibiotic prescribing guidelines at 72 h (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and after diagnoses (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The evaluation data presented provide evidence that PPRF training and program implementation can contribute to hospital-based antibiotic stewardship for wound and burn care in Nepal.
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