Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link?
<i>APOE</i> ε4 polymorphism has been recently described as a possible association with cognitive deficits in COVID-19 patients. This research aimed to establish the correlation between COVID-19 and cognitive impairment, and the <i>APOE</i> gene polymorphism among outpatients....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/12/1611 |
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| author | José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior Danilo Nunes Oliveira Jean Breno Silveira da Silva Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa Artur Victor Menezes Sousa Samuel Cavalcante Marinho Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha Safira de Brito Gaspar Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto Raquel Carvalho Montenegro Pedro Braga-Neto |
| author_facet | José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior Danilo Nunes Oliveira Jean Breno Silveira da Silva Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa Artur Victor Menezes Sousa Samuel Cavalcante Marinho Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha Safira de Brito Gaspar Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto Raquel Carvalho Montenegro Pedro Braga-Neto |
| author_sort | José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>APOE</i> ε4 polymorphism has been recently described as a possible association with cognitive deficits in COVID-19 patients. This research aimed to establish the correlation between COVID-19 and cognitive impairment, and the <i>APOE</i> gene polymorphism among outpatients. We performed a cross-sectional study with confirmed COVID-19 patients and neurological symptoms that persisted for more than three months from onset. <i>APOE</i> genotypes were determined. The final number of patients included in this study was 219, of which 186 blood samples were collected for <i>APOE</i> genotyping, evaluated 4.5 months after COVID-19. Among the participants, 143 patients (65.3%) reported memory impairment symptoms as their primary concern. However, this complaint was objectively verified through screening tests (Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination-Revised and Mini-Mental State Examination) in only 36 patients (16.4%). The group experiencing cognitive decline exhibited a higher prevalence of the <i>APOE</i> ε4 allele than the normal group (30.8% vs. 16.4%, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.038). Furthermore, <i>the APOE</i> ε4 allele and anxiety symptoms remained significant after multivariate analysis. This study assessed an outpatient population where cognitive changes were the primary complaint, even in mild cases. Moreover, the ε4 allele, sleep disorders, and anxiety symptoms were more frequent in the cognitive decline group. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:56:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-64376b1467234826b92cb381fa255378 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:56:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-64376b1467234826b92cb381fa2553782023-12-22T13:56:46ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252023-11-011312161110.3390/brainsci13121611Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link?José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior0Danilo Nunes Oliveira1Jean Breno Silveira da Silva2Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa3Artur Victor Menezes Sousa4Samuel Cavalcante Marinho5Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha6Safira de Brito Gaspar7Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes8Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira9Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes10Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira11Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes12Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto13Raquel Carvalho Montenegro14Pedro Braga-Neto15Neurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilNeurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilMedicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilNeurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilNeurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilHealth Sciences Center, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, BrazilNeurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilHealth Sciences Center, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, BrazilHealth Sciences Center, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, BrazilMedicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilMedicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilNeurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilMedicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilNeurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilMedicine Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, BrazilNeurology Division, Clinical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil<i>APOE</i> ε4 polymorphism has been recently described as a possible association with cognitive deficits in COVID-19 patients. This research aimed to establish the correlation between COVID-19 and cognitive impairment, and the <i>APOE</i> gene polymorphism among outpatients. We performed a cross-sectional study with confirmed COVID-19 patients and neurological symptoms that persisted for more than three months from onset. <i>APOE</i> genotypes were determined. The final number of patients included in this study was 219, of which 186 blood samples were collected for <i>APOE</i> genotyping, evaluated 4.5 months after COVID-19. Among the participants, 143 patients (65.3%) reported memory impairment symptoms as their primary concern. However, this complaint was objectively verified through screening tests (Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination-Revised and Mini-Mental State Examination) in only 36 patients (16.4%). The group experiencing cognitive decline exhibited a higher prevalence of the <i>APOE</i> ε4 allele than the normal group (30.8% vs. 16.4%, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.038). Furthermore, <i>the APOE</i> ε4 allele and anxiety symptoms remained significant after multivariate analysis. This study assessed an outpatient population where cognitive changes were the primary complaint, even in mild cases. Moreover, the ε4 allele, sleep disorders, and anxiety symptoms were more frequent in the cognitive decline group.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/12/1611COVID-19cognitive impairmentlong-COVIDdementia<i>APOE</i> |
| spellingShingle | José Wagner Leonel Tavares-Júnior Danilo Nunes Oliveira Jean Breno Silveira da Silva Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa Artur Victor Menezes Sousa Samuel Cavalcante Marinho Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha Safira de Brito Gaspar Carmem Meyve Pereira Gomes Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto Raquel Carvalho Montenegro Pedro Braga-Neto Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link? Brain Sciences COVID-19 cognitive impairment long-COVID dementia <i>APOE</i> |
| title | Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link? |
| title_full | Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link? |
| title_fullStr | Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link? |
| title_short | Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Decline and Apoe Polymorphism: Towards a Possible Link? |
| title_sort | post covid 19 cognitive decline and apoe polymorphism towards a possible link |
| topic | COVID-19 cognitive impairment long-COVID dementia <i>APOE</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/12/1611 |
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