Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors
Abstract Background Physical activity can improve health and wellbeing after cancer and may reduce cancer recurrence and mortality. To achieve such long-term benefits cancer survivors must be habitually active. This review evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in supporting maintenance of phy...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12966-019-0787-4 |
| _version_ | 1818198065723473920 |
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| author | Chloe Grimmett Teresa Corbett Jennifer Brunet Jonathan Shepherd Bernardine M. Pinto Carl R. May Claire Foster |
| author_facet | Chloe Grimmett Teresa Corbett Jennifer Brunet Jonathan Shepherd Bernardine M. Pinto Carl R. May Claire Foster |
| author_sort | Chloe Grimmett |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Physical activity can improve health and wellbeing after cancer and may reduce cancer recurrence and mortality. To achieve such long-term benefits cancer survivors must be habitually active. This review evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in supporting maintenance of physical activity behaviour change among adults diagnosed with cancer and explores which intervention components and contextual features are associated with effectiveness. Methods Relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were identified by a search of Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase and PsychINFO. Trials including adults diagnosed with cancer, assessed an intervention targeting physical activity and reported physical activity behaviour at baseline and ≥ 3 months post-intervention were included. The behaviour change technique (BCT) taxonomy was used to identify intervention components and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication to capture contextual features. Random effect meta-analysis explored between and within group differences in physical activity behaviour. Standardised mean differences (SMD) describe effect size. Results Twenty seven RCTs were included, 19 were pooled in meta-analyses. Interventions were effective at changing long-term behaviour; SMD in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) between groups 0.25; 95% CI = 0.16–0.35. Within-group pre-post intervention analysis yielded a mean increase of 27.48 (95% CI = 11.48-43.49) mins/wk. of MVPA in control groups and 65.30 (95% CI = 45.59–85.01) mins/wk. of MVPA in intervention groups. Ineffective interventions tended to include older populations with existing physical limitations, had fewer contacts with participants, were less likely to include a supervised element or the BCTs of ‘action planning’, ‘graded tasks’ and ‘social support (unspecified)’. Included studies were biased towards inclusion of younger, female, well-educated and white populations who were already engaging in some physical activity. Conclusions Existing interventions are effective in achieving modest increases in physical activity at least 3 months post-intervention completion. Small improvements were also evident in control groups suggesting low-intensity interventions may be sufficient in promoting small changes in behaviour that last beyond intervention completion. However, study samples are not representative of typical cancer populations. Interventions should consider a stepped-care approach, providing more intensive support for older people with physical limitations and others less likely to engage in these interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T01:59:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-645095fe3a2a4b86a10b386b81373fca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1479-5868 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T01:59:57Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity |
| spelling | doaj.art-645095fe3a2a4b86a10b386b81373fca2022-12-22T00:42:13ZengBMCInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity1479-58682019-04-0116112010.1186/s12966-019-0787-4Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivorsChloe Grimmett0Teresa Corbett1Jennifer Brunet2Jonathan Shepherd3Bernardine M. Pinto4Carl R. May5Claire Foster6School of Health Sciences, University of SouthamptonSchool of Health Sciences, University of SouthamptonFaculty of Health Sciences, University of OttawaSouthampton Health Technology Assessments Centre, University of SouthamptonCollege of Nursing, University of South CarolinaFaculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineSchool of Health Sciences, University of SouthamptonAbstract Background Physical activity can improve health and wellbeing after cancer and may reduce cancer recurrence and mortality. To achieve such long-term benefits cancer survivors must be habitually active. This review evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in supporting maintenance of physical activity behaviour change among adults diagnosed with cancer and explores which intervention components and contextual features are associated with effectiveness. Methods Relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were identified by a search of Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase and PsychINFO. Trials including adults diagnosed with cancer, assessed an intervention targeting physical activity and reported physical activity behaviour at baseline and ≥ 3 months post-intervention were included. The behaviour change technique (BCT) taxonomy was used to identify intervention components and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication to capture contextual features. Random effect meta-analysis explored between and within group differences in physical activity behaviour. Standardised mean differences (SMD) describe effect size. Results Twenty seven RCTs were included, 19 were pooled in meta-analyses. Interventions were effective at changing long-term behaviour; SMD in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) between groups 0.25; 95% CI = 0.16–0.35. Within-group pre-post intervention analysis yielded a mean increase of 27.48 (95% CI = 11.48-43.49) mins/wk. of MVPA in control groups and 65.30 (95% CI = 45.59–85.01) mins/wk. of MVPA in intervention groups. Ineffective interventions tended to include older populations with existing physical limitations, had fewer contacts with participants, were less likely to include a supervised element or the BCTs of ‘action planning’, ‘graded tasks’ and ‘social support (unspecified)’. Included studies were biased towards inclusion of younger, female, well-educated and white populations who were already engaging in some physical activity. Conclusions Existing interventions are effective in achieving modest increases in physical activity at least 3 months post-intervention completion. Small improvements were also evident in control groups suggesting low-intensity interventions may be sufficient in promoting small changes in behaviour that last beyond intervention completion. However, study samples are not representative of typical cancer populations. Interventions should consider a stepped-care approach, providing more intensive support for older people with physical limitations and others less likely to engage in these interventions.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12966-019-0787-4Systematic reviewMeta-analysisPhysical activityExerciseCancerBehaviour change |
| spellingShingle | Chloe Grimmett Teresa Corbett Jennifer Brunet Jonathan Shepherd Bernardine M. Pinto Carl R. May Claire Foster Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity Systematic review Meta-analysis Physical activity Exercise Cancer Behaviour change |
| title | Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors |
| title_full | Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors |
| title_fullStr | Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors |
| title_short | Systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors |
| title_sort | systematic review and meta analysis of maintenance of physical activity behaviour change in cancer survivors |
| topic | Systematic review Meta-analysis Physical activity Exercise Cancer Behaviour change |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12966-019-0787-4 |
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