Monitoring of Salinity, Temperature, and Drought Stress in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence
Chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) is used to measure the physiological status of plants affected by biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, we aimed to identify the changes in CF parameters in grafted watermelon seedlings exposed to salt, drought, and high and low temperatures. Grafted watermelon seedli...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.786309/full |
| _version_ | 1818974833630773248 |
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| author | Yu Kyeong Shin Shiva Ram Bhandari Shiva Ram Bhandari Jun Gu Lee Jun Gu Lee Jun Gu Lee |
| author_facet | Yu Kyeong Shin Shiva Ram Bhandari Shiva Ram Bhandari Jun Gu Lee Jun Gu Lee Jun Gu Lee |
| author_sort | Yu Kyeong Shin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) is used to measure the physiological status of plants affected by biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, we aimed to identify the changes in CF parameters in grafted watermelon seedlings exposed to salt, drought, and high and low temperatures. Grafted watermelon seedlings at the true three-leaf stage were subjected to salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) and temperature [low (8°C), moderate (24°C), and high (40°C)] stresses for 12 days under controlled environmental conditions independently. Eight CF parameters were measured at 2-day intervals using the FluorCam machine quenching protocol of the FluorCam machine. The seedlings were also exposed to drought stress for 3 days independent of salinity and temperature stress; CF parameters were measured at 1-day intervals. In addition, growth parameters, proline, and chlorophyll content were evaluated in all three experiments. The CF parameters were differentially influenced depending on the type and extent of the stress conditions. The results showed a notable effect of salinity levels on CF parameters, predominantly in maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), the ratio of the fluorescence decrease (Rfd), and quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation in PSII [Y(NO)]. High temperature had significant effects on Rfd and NPQ, whereas low temperature showed significant results in most CF parameters: Fv/Fm, Y(NO), NPQ, Rfd, the efficiency of excitation capture of open photosystem II (PSII) center (Fv′/Fm′), and effective quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion in PSII [Y(PSII)]. Only NPQ and Rfd were significantly influenced by severe drought stress. Approximately, all the growth parameters were significantly influenced by the stress level. Proline content increased with an increase in stress levels in all three experiments, whereas the chlorophyll (a and b) content either decreased or increased depending upon the stressor. The results provided here may be useful for understanding the effect of abiotic stresses on CF parameters and the selection of index CF parameters to detect abiotic stresses in grafted watermelon seedlings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T15:46:21Z |
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| id | doaj.art-64599769334342adbfc9d349bf3d1fd8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T15:46:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-64599769334342adbfc9d349bf3d1fd82022-12-21T19:34:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-12-011210.3389/fpls.2021.786309786309Monitoring of Salinity, Temperature, and Drought Stress in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Using Chlorophyll FluorescenceYu Kyeong Shin0Shiva Ram Bhandari1Shiva Ram Bhandari2Jun Gu Lee3Jun Gu Lee4Jun Gu Lee5Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South KoreaDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South KoreaCore Research Institute of Intelligent Robots, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South KoreaDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South KoreaCore Research Institute of Intelligent Robots, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South KoreaInstitute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South KoreaChlorophyll fluorescence (CF) is used to measure the physiological status of plants affected by biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, we aimed to identify the changes in CF parameters in grafted watermelon seedlings exposed to salt, drought, and high and low temperatures. Grafted watermelon seedlings at the true three-leaf stage were subjected to salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) and temperature [low (8°C), moderate (24°C), and high (40°C)] stresses for 12 days under controlled environmental conditions independently. Eight CF parameters were measured at 2-day intervals using the FluorCam machine quenching protocol of the FluorCam machine. The seedlings were also exposed to drought stress for 3 days independent of salinity and temperature stress; CF parameters were measured at 1-day intervals. In addition, growth parameters, proline, and chlorophyll content were evaluated in all three experiments. The CF parameters were differentially influenced depending on the type and extent of the stress conditions. The results showed a notable effect of salinity levels on CF parameters, predominantly in maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), the ratio of the fluorescence decrease (Rfd), and quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation in PSII [Y(NO)]. High temperature had significant effects on Rfd and NPQ, whereas low temperature showed significant results in most CF parameters: Fv/Fm, Y(NO), NPQ, Rfd, the efficiency of excitation capture of open photosystem II (PSII) center (Fv′/Fm′), and effective quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion in PSII [Y(PSII)]. Only NPQ and Rfd were significantly influenced by severe drought stress. Approximately, all the growth parameters were significantly influenced by the stress level. Proline content increased with an increase in stress levels in all three experiments, whereas the chlorophyll (a and b) content either decreased or increased depending upon the stressor. The results provided here may be useful for understanding the effect of abiotic stresses on CF parameters and the selection of index CF parameters to detect abiotic stresses in grafted watermelon seedlings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.786309/fullprolineabiotic stressmaximum quantum yieldgrowth parameterchlorophyll |
| spellingShingle | Yu Kyeong Shin Shiva Ram Bhandari Shiva Ram Bhandari Jun Gu Lee Jun Gu Lee Jun Gu Lee Monitoring of Salinity, Temperature, and Drought Stress in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence Frontiers in Plant Science proline abiotic stress maximum quantum yield growth parameter chlorophyll |
| title | Monitoring of Salinity, Temperature, and Drought Stress in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
| title_full | Monitoring of Salinity, Temperature, and Drought Stress in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring of Salinity, Temperature, and Drought Stress in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring of Salinity, Temperature, and Drought Stress in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
| title_short | Monitoring of Salinity, Temperature, and Drought Stress in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence |
| title_sort | monitoring of salinity temperature and drought stress in grafted watermelon seedlings using chlorophyll fluorescence |
| topic | proline abiotic stress maximum quantum yield growth parameter chlorophyll |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.786309/full |
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