Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of 104 Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Its Implication for Phylogeny
Ichneumonidae is one of the largest families of insects with a mega-diversity of specialized morphological and biological characteristics. We newly sequenced 92 mitochondrial genomes of ichneumonid wasps and found that they have a conserved base composition and a lower evolutionary rate than that of...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/2/124 |
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| author | Boying Zheng Yuanyuan Han Ruizhong Yuan Jingxian Liu Cornelis van Achterberg Pu Tang Xuexin Chen |
| author_facet | Boying Zheng Yuanyuan Han Ruizhong Yuan Jingxian Liu Cornelis van Achterberg Pu Tang Xuexin Chen |
| author_sort | Boying Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ichneumonidae is one of the largest families of insects with a mega-diversity of specialized morphological and biological characteristics. We newly sequenced 92 mitochondrial genomes of ichneumonid wasps and found that they have a conserved base composition and a lower evolutionary rate than that of other families of parasitic Hymenoptera. There are 38 types of gene order in the ichneumonid mitochondrial genome, with 30 novel types identified in 104 ichneumonids. We also found that the rearrangement events occur more frequently in Ophioniformes than in Ichneumoniformes and Pimpliformes. Furthermore, the higher Ophioniformes and their relative lineages shared the transposition of <i>trnL2</i> to <i>trnI-trnQ-trnM</i> tRNA cluster. We confirmed five higher-level groupings of Ichneumonidae: Brachycyrtiformes, Ichneumoniformes, Ophioniformes, Pimpliformes and Xoridiformes. Two formerly unplaced subfamilies, Eucerotinae and Microleptinae, were placed in Brachycyrtiformes and Ichneumoniformes, respectively. The results will improve our understanding of the diversity and evolution of Ichneumonidae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:43:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-64638b0b71b4435db8ab0d24c6e85393 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:43:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-64638b0b71b4435db8ab0d24c6e853932023-11-23T20:26:35ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502022-01-0113212410.3390/insects13020124Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of 104 Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Its Implication for PhylogenyBoying Zheng0Yuanyuan Han1Ruizhong Yuan2Jingxian Liu3Cornelis van Achterberg4Pu Tang5Xuexin Chen6State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaIchneumonidae is one of the largest families of insects with a mega-diversity of specialized morphological and biological characteristics. We newly sequenced 92 mitochondrial genomes of ichneumonid wasps and found that they have a conserved base composition and a lower evolutionary rate than that of other families of parasitic Hymenoptera. There are 38 types of gene order in the ichneumonid mitochondrial genome, with 30 novel types identified in 104 ichneumonids. We also found that the rearrangement events occur more frequently in Ophioniformes than in Ichneumoniformes and Pimpliformes. Furthermore, the higher Ophioniformes and their relative lineages shared the transposition of <i>trnL2</i> to <i>trnI-trnQ-trnM</i> tRNA cluster. We confirmed five higher-level groupings of Ichneumonidae: Brachycyrtiformes, Ichneumoniformes, Ophioniformes, Pimpliformes and Xoridiformes. Two formerly unplaced subfamilies, Eucerotinae and Microleptinae, were placed in Brachycyrtiformes and Ichneumoniformes, respectively. The results will improve our understanding of the diversity and evolution of Ichneumonidae.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/2/124mitochondrial genomegene rearrangementichneumonid waspsphylogenydivergence |
| spellingShingle | Boying Zheng Yuanyuan Han Ruizhong Yuan Jingxian Liu Cornelis van Achterberg Pu Tang Xuexin Chen Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of 104 Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Its Implication for Phylogeny Insects mitochondrial genome gene rearrangement ichneumonid wasps phylogeny divergence |
| title | Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of 104 Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Its Implication for Phylogeny |
| title_full | Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of 104 Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Its Implication for Phylogeny |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of 104 Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Its Implication for Phylogeny |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of 104 Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Its Implication for Phylogeny |
| title_short | Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of 104 Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Its Implication for Phylogeny |
| title_sort | comparative mitochondrial genomics of 104 darwin wasps hymenoptera ichneumonidae and its implication for phylogeny |
| topic | mitochondrial genome gene rearrangement ichneumonid wasps phylogeny divergence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/2/124 |
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