The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During Treatment
BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by an altered skin microbiome dominantly colonized by S. aureus. Standard treatment includes emollients, anti-inflammatory medications and antiseptics.ObjectivesTo characterize changes in the skin microbiome during treatment for AD.MethodsThe skin mi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.720674/full |
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| author | Veda D. Khadka Veda D. Khadka Felix M. Key Felix M. Key Carolina Romo-González Adrián Martínez-Gayosso Blanca L. Campos-Cabrera Armando Gerónimo-Gallegos Tucker C. Lynn Tucker C. Lynn Carola Durán-McKinster Rafael Coria-Jiménez Tami D. Lieberman Tami D. Lieberman Maria T. García-Romero |
| author_facet | Veda D. Khadka Veda D. Khadka Felix M. Key Felix M. Key Carolina Romo-González Adrián Martínez-Gayosso Blanca L. Campos-Cabrera Armando Gerónimo-Gallegos Tucker C. Lynn Tucker C. Lynn Carola Durán-McKinster Rafael Coria-Jiménez Tami D. Lieberman Tami D. Lieberman Maria T. García-Romero |
| author_sort | Veda D. Khadka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by an altered skin microbiome dominantly colonized by S. aureus. Standard treatment includes emollients, anti-inflammatory medications and antiseptics.ObjectivesTo characterize changes in the skin microbiome during treatment for AD.MethodsThe skin microbiomes of children with moderate-to-severe AD and healthy children were investigated in a longitudinal prospective study. Patients with AD were randomized to receive either standard treatment with emollients and topical corticosteroids or standard treatment with the addition of dilute bleach baths (DBB) and sampled at four visits over a three-month period. At each visit, severity of AD was measured, swabs were taken from four body sites and the composition of the microbiome at those sites was assessed using 16S rRNA amplification.ResultsWe included 14 healthy controls and 28 patients. We found high relative abundances of S. aureus in patients, which correlated with AD severity and reduced apparent alpha diversity. As disease severity improved with treatment, the abundance of S. aureus decreased, gradually becoming more similar to the microbiomes of healthy controls. After treatment, patients who received DBB had a significantly lower abundance of S. aureus than those who received only standard treatment.ConclusionsThere are clear differences in the skin microbiome of healthy controls and AD patients that diminish with treatment. After three months, the addition of DBB to standard treatment had significantly decreased the S. aureus burden, supporting its use as a therapeutic option. Further study in double-blinded trials is needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T22:12:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-646f682201274696b2382aaab36f352e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T22:12:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-646f682201274696b2382aaab36f352e2022-12-21T20:03:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882021-09-011110.3389/fcimb.2021.720674720674The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During TreatmentVeda D. Khadka0Veda D. Khadka1Felix M. Key2Felix M. Key3Carolina Romo-González4Adrián Martínez-Gayosso5Blanca L. Campos-Cabrera6Armando Gerónimo-Gallegos7Tucker C. Lynn8Tucker C. Lynn9Carola Durán-McKinster10Rafael Coria-Jiménez11Tami D. Lieberman12Tami D. Lieberman13Maria T. García-Romero14Institute for Medical Engineering and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesInstitute for Medical Engineering and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesExperimental Bacteriology Laboratory, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, MexicoDepartment of Dermatology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, MexicoDepartment of Dermatology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, MexicoExperimental Bacteriology Laboratory, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, MexicoInstitute for Medical Engineering and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, MexicoExperimental Bacteriology Laboratory, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, MexicoInstitute for Medical Engineering and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesDepartment of Dermatology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, MexicoBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by an altered skin microbiome dominantly colonized by S. aureus. Standard treatment includes emollients, anti-inflammatory medications and antiseptics.ObjectivesTo characterize changes in the skin microbiome during treatment for AD.MethodsThe skin microbiomes of children with moderate-to-severe AD and healthy children were investigated in a longitudinal prospective study. Patients with AD were randomized to receive either standard treatment with emollients and topical corticosteroids or standard treatment with the addition of dilute bleach baths (DBB) and sampled at four visits over a three-month period. At each visit, severity of AD was measured, swabs were taken from four body sites and the composition of the microbiome at those sites was assessed using 16S rRNA amplification.ResultsWe included 14 healthy controls and 28 patients. We found high relative abundances of S. aureus in patients, which correlated with AD severity and reduced apparent alpha diversity. As disease severity improved with treatment, the abundance of S. aureus decreased, gradually becoming more similar to the microbiomes of healthy controls. After treatment, patients who received DBB had a significantly lower abundance of S. aureus than those who received only standard treatment.ConclusionsThere are clear differences in the skin microbiome of healthy controls and AD patients that diminish with treatment. After three months, the addition of DBB to standard treatment had significantly decreased the S. aureus burden, supporting its use as a therapeutic option. Further study in double-blinded trials is needed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.720674/fullatopic dermatitis (AD)microbiome & dysbiosisskinmicrobiota (16S)therapeutics |
| spellingShingle | Veda D. Khadka Veda D. Khadka Felix M. Key Felix M. Key Carolina Romo-González Adrián Martínez-Gayosso Blanca L. Campos-Cabrera Armando Gerónimo-Gallegos Tucker C. Lynn Tucker C. Lynn Carola Durán-McKinster Rafael Coria-Jiménez Tami D. Lieberman Tami D. Lieberman Maria T. García-Romero The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During Treatment Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology atopic dermatitis (AD) microbiome & dysbiosis skin microbiota (16S) therapeutics |
| title | The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During Treatment |
| title_full | The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During Treatment |
| title_fullStr | The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During Treatment |
| title_short | The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During Treatment |
| title_sort | skin microbiome of patients with atopic dermatitis normalizes gradually during treatment |
| topic | atopic dermatitis (AD) microbiome & dysbiosis skin microbiota (16S) therapeutics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.720674/full |
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