Assessment of Poorly Compactable Sands by Recycling and Recompaction: Experimental Program and Packing Particle Analysis
Compaction is a common ground improvement technique based on the densification of soils for an energy level and optimum water content, mainly influenced by the particle size and curve gradation. Poorly compactable sands, characterized as cohesionless, fine and uniformly graded, are a challenge for e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8697 |
| _version_ | 1797462721328840704 |
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| author | Juana Arias-Trujillo Agustín Matías-Sánchez |
| author_facet | Juana Arias-Trujillo Agustín Matías-Sánchez |
| author_sort | Juana Arias-Trujillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Compaction is a common ground improvement technique based on the densification of soils for an energy level and optimum water content, mainly influenced by the particle size and curve gradation. Poorly compactable sands, characterized as cohesionless, fine and uniformly graded, are a challenge for earthworks since compaction is not effective due to the lack of a larger range of particle sizes to infill the voids and the compaction energy is not relevant either. These characteristics are common to other materials, i.e., desert sand, industrial or mining by-products or quarry fines, which are mostly discarded to landfill and replaced by proper soils, causing serious environmental issues. To enlarge the technical feasibilities of poorly compactable sands, reducing construction waste and raw material consumption, a mechanical stabilization, based on a repetitive series of recycling and recompaction without binder, is experimentally explored. The behavior observed is also analyzed from reported correlations and a packing particle approach, attending to densification stage, saturation degree, recompaction series, coordination number and packing density. The improvement achieved is moderate and dependent on the cycles applied, showing a characteristic repetitive pattern in the compaction curve, and approaching the estimated minimum void ratio and the theoretical maximum packing possibilities without degradation of the material. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:41:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-647010a88c4444289eb16e1ad2b7599b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:41:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-647010a88c4444289eb16e1ad2b7599b2023-11-24T11:32:38ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-12-011523869710.3390/ma15238697Assessment of Poorly Compactable Sands by Recycling and Recompaction: Experimental Program and Packing Particle AnalysisJuana Arias-Trujillo0Agustín Matías-Sánchez1Department of Construction, School of Engineering, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003 Caceres, SpainDepartment of Construction, School of Engineering, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 10003 Caceres, SpainCompaction is a common ground improvement technique based on the densification of soils for an energy level and optimum water content, mainly influenced by the particle size and curve gradation. Poorly compactable sands, characterized as cohesionless, fine and uniformly graded, are a challenge for earthworks since compaction is not effective due to the lack of a larger range of particle sizes to infill the voids and the compaction energy is not relevant either. These characteristics are common to other materials, i.e., desert sand, industrial or mining by-products or quarry fines, which are mostly discarded to landfill and replaced by proper soils, causing serious environmental issues. To enlarge the technical feasibilities of poorly compactable sands, reducing construction waste and raw material consumption, a mechanical stabilization, based on a repetitive series of recycling and recompaction without binder, is experimentally explored. The behavior observed is also analyzed from reported correlations and a packing particle approach, attending to densification stage, saturation degree, recompaction series, coordination number and packing density. The improvement achieved is moderate and dependent on the cycles applied, showing a characteristic repetitive pattern in the compaction curve, and approaching the estimated minimum void ratio and the theoretical maximum packing possibilities without degradation of the material.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8697poorly compactable sandrecycledparticle packing analysisvoid ratioscoordination numberbreakage particle index |
| spellingShingle | Juana Arias-Trujillo Agustín Matías-Sánchez Assessment of Poorly Compactable Sands by Recycling and Recompaction: Experimental Program and Packing Particle Analysis Materials poorly compactable sand recycled particle packing analysis void ratios coordination number breakage particle index |
| title | Assessment of Poorly Compactable Sands by Recycling and Recompaction: Experimental Program and Packing Particle Analysis |
| title_full | Assessment of Poorly Compactable Sands by Recycling and Recompaction: Experimental Program and Packing Particle Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Poorly Compactable Sands by Recycling and Recompaction: Experimental Program and Packing Particle Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Poorly Compactable Sands by Recycling and Recompaction: Experimental Program and Packing Particle Analysis |
| title_short | Assessment of Poorly Compactable Sands by Recycling and Recompaction: Experimental Program and Packing Particle Analysis |
| title_sort | assessment of poorly compactable sands by recycling and recompaction experimental program and packing particle analysis |
| topic | poorly compactable sand recycled particle packing analysis void ratios coordination number breakage particle index |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8697 |
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