Numerical Study of the Unsteady Flow in Simplified and Realistic Iliac Bifurcation Models
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of death and disability worldwide and they are commonly associated with the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaque deposition in the vessel walls, a process denoted as atherosclerosis. This is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease of large-/medium-siz...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Fluids |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/6/8/284 |
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| author | Violeta Carvalho Filipa Carneiro Ana C. Ferreira Vasco Gama José C. Teixeira Senhorinha Teixeira |
| author_facet | Violeta Carvalho Filipa Carneiro Ana C. Ferreira Vasco Gama José C. Teixeira Senhorinha Teixeira |
| author_sort | Violeta Carvalho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of death and disability worldwide and they are commonly associated with the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaque deposition in the vessel walls, a process denoted as atherosclerosis. This is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease of large-/medium-sized blood vessels that affects blood flow profiles, with the abdominal aorta and its branches being one of the locations prone to the development of this pathology, due to their curvatures and bifurcations. In this regard, the effect of flow patterns was studied and compared for both a simplified three-dimensional model of aorta bifurcation on the iliac arteries and a realistic model of iliac bifurcation, which was constructed from a computational tomography medical image. The flow patterns were analyzed in terms of velocity and wall shear stress distribution, but a special focus was given to the size and location of the recirculation zone. The simulations were performed using the Computational Fluid Dynamics software, FLUENT, taking into account the cardiac cycle profile at the infrarenal aorta. The shear stress and the velocity distribution observed for both models indicated that higher shear stress occurred along the flow divider wall (inner wall) and low shear stress occurred along the outer walls. In addition, the results demonstrated that the wall shear stress profiles were deeply affected by the transient profile of the cardiac cycle, with the deceleration phase being the most critical phase to the occurrence of backflow. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:49:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6498b8a178d44ceb95df39fedacca51b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5521 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:49:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fluids |
| spelling | doaj.art-6498b8a178d44ceb95df39fedacca51b2023-11-22T07:36:58ZengMDPI AGFluids2311-55212021-08-016828410.3390/fluids6080284Numerical Study of the Unsteady Flow in Simplified and Realistic Iliac Bifurcation ModelsVioleta Carvalho0Filipa Carneiro1Ana C. Ferreira2Vasco Gama3José C. Teixeira4Senhorinha Teixeira5MEtRICs, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalPIEP-Innovation in Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalMEtRICs, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalCentro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia, Vilar de Andorinho, 4430-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, PortugalMEtRICs, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalALGORITMI Center, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalCardiovascular diseases are a major cause of death and disability worldwide and they are commonly associated with the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaque deposition in the vessel walls, a process denoted as atherosclerosis. This is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease of large-/medium-sized blood vessels that affects blood flow profiles, with the abdominal aorta and its branches being one of the locations prone to the development of this pathology, due to their curvatures and bifurcations. In this regard, the effect of flow patterns was studied and compared for both a simplified three-dimensional model of aorta bifurcation on the iliac arteries and a realistic model of iliac bifurcation, which was constructed from a computational tomography medical image. The flow patterns were analyzed in terms of velocity and wall shear stress distribution, but a special focus was given to the size and location of the recirculation zone. The simulations were performed using the Computational Fluid Dynamics software, FLUENT, taking into account the cardiac cycle profile at the infrarenal aorta. The shear stress and the velocity distribution observed for both models indicated that higher shear stress occurred along the flow divider wall (inner wall) and low shear stress occurred along the outer walls. In addition, the results demonstrated that the wall shear stress profiles were deeply affected by the transient profile of the cardiac cycle, with the deceleration phase being the most critical phase to the occurrence of backflow.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/6/8/284atherosclerosisblood flowcardiovascular modellingcomputational fluid dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Violeta Carvalho Filipa Carneiro Ana C. Ferreira Vasco Gama José C. Teixeira Senhorinha Teixeira Numerical Study of the Unsteady Flow in Simplified and Realistic Iliac Bifurcation Models Fluids atherosclerosis blood flow cardiovascular modelling computational fluid dynamics |
| title | Numerical Study of the Unsteady Flow in Simplified and Realistic Iliac Bifurcation Models |
| title_full | Numerical Study of the Unsteady Flow in Simplified and Realistic Iliac Bifurcation Models |
| title_fullStr | Numerical Study of the Unsteady Flow in Simplified and Realistic Iliac Bifurcation Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Numerical Study of the Unsteady Flow in Simplified and Realistic Iliac Bifurcation Models |
| title_short | Numerical Study of the Unsteady Flow in Simplified and Realistic Iliac Bifurcation Models |
| title_sort | numerical study of the unsteady flow in simplified and realistic iliac bifurcation models |
| topic | atherosclerosis blood flow cardiovascular modelling computational fluid dynamics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/6/8/284 |
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