The relationship between screen-based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth: a systematic review of moderating variables
Abstract Background To elucidate the populations and conditions where screen-based sedentary behaviors (SB) and internalizing symptoms are coupled, this review synthesized the evidence for factors that may moderate the associations between screen-based SB, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-020-08572-1 |
| _version_ | 1819037455015215104 |
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| author | Jennifer Zink Britni R. Belcher Kellie Imm Adam M. Leventhal |
| author_facet | Jennifer Zink Britni R. Belcher Kellie Imm Adam M. Leventhal |
| author_sort | Jennifer Zink |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background To elucidate the populations and conditions where screen-based sedentary behaviors (SB) and internalizing symptoms are coupled, this review synthesized the evidence for factors that may moderate the associations between screen-based SB, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms among youth. Methods Two independent researchers conducted a systematic literature search of the Medline, psycINFO, and Scopus electronic databases in late 2018 for observational studies assessing moderators of the association between screen-based SB and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Studies among children and adolescents were eligible if moderation was assessed by statistical test (interaction) or stratification; and a narrative synthesis of eligible studies was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results Seventy empirical studies (46 cross-sectional, 19 longitudinal, and 5 both) of 13 different moderating variables of screen-based SB-internalizing symptom associations met the eligibility criteria. Of these, 40 studies were of depressive symptoms, 2 were of anxiety symptoms, and 28 studies assessed symptoms of both. The most consistent evidence of moderation was for screen-type, such that TV viewing was not as strongly associated with internalizing symptoms compared to other forms of screen-based SB. There was also inconsistent evidence for physical activity buffering screen-based SB-internalizing symptom associations and for female sex amplifying screen-based SB-internalizing symptom associations. In general, the body of evidence for anxiety symptoms was more limited than that for depressive symptoms, and were therefore more inconsistent. Conclusions Screen-type, physical activity, and sex may influence the magnitude of screen-based SB-internalizing symptom coupling; highlighting potential sources of heterogeneity of screen-based SB-internalizing symptom associations. Additional studies aimed at understanding potential mechanistic explanations for the above moderators are needed prior to the development of tailored intervention strategies designed to decouple screen-based SB and internalizing symptoms among youth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T08:21:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-64a408d598f4407fadbbadf340576db7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T08:21:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-64a408d598f4407fadbbadf340576db72022-12-21T19:10:25ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582020-04-0120113710.1186/s12889-020-08572-1The relationship between screen-based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth: a systematic review of moderating variablesJennifer Zink0Britni R. Belcher1Kellie Imm2Adam M. Leventhal3Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaAbstract Background To elucidate the populations and conditions where screen-based sedentary behaviors (SB) and internalizing symptoms are coupled, this review synthesized the evidence for factors that may moderate the associations between screen-based SB, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms among youth. Methods Two independent researchers conducted a systematic literature search of the Medline, psycINFO, and Scopus electronic databases in late 2018 for observational studies assessing moderators of the association between screen-based SB and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Studies among children and adolescents were eligible if moderation was assessed by statistical test (interaction) or stratification; and a narrative synthesis of eligible studies was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results Seventy empirical studies (46 cross-sectional, 19 longitudinal, and 5 both) of 13 different moderating variables of screen-based SB-internalizing symptom associations met the eligibility criteria. Of these, 40 studies were of depressive symptoms, 2 were of anxiety symptoms, and 28 studies assessed symptoms of both. The most consistent evidence of moderation was for screen-type, such that TV viewing was not as strongly associated with internalizing symptoms compared to other forms of screen-based SB. There was also inconsistent evidence for physical activity buffering screen-based SB-internalizing symptom associations and for female sex amplifying screen-based SB-internalizing symptom associations. In general, the body of evidence for anxiety symptoms was more limited than that for depressive symptoms, and were therefore more inconsistent. Conclusions Screen-type, physical activity, and sex may influence the magnitude of screen-based SB-internalizing symptom coupling; highlighting potential sources of heterogeneity of screen-based SB-internalizing symptom associations. Additional studies aimed at understanding potential mechanistic explanations for the above moderators are needed prior to the development of tailored intervention strategies designed to decouple screen-based SB and internalizing symptoms among youth.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-020-08572-1Emotional healthInactivityScreen timeDigital mediaChildrenAdolescents |
| spellingShingle | Jennifer Zink Britni R. Belcher Kellie Imm Adam M. Leventhal The relationship between screen-based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth: a systematic review of moderating variables BMC Public Health Emotional health Inactivity Screen time Digital media Children Adolescents |
| title | The relationship between screen-based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth: a systematic review of moderating variables |
| title_full | The relationship between screen-based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth: a systematic review of moderating variables |
| title_fullStr | The relationship between screen-based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth: a systematic review of moderating variables |
| title_full_unstemmed | The relationship between screen-based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth: a systematic review of moderating variables |
| title_short | The relationship between screen-based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth: a systematic review of moderating variables |
| title_sort | relationship between screen based sedentary behaviors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in youth a systematic review of moderating variables |
| topic | Emotional health Inactivity Screen time Digital media Children Adolescents |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-020-08572-1 |
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