Effect of 26-years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on C and N stocks in a Southern Brazilian Oxisol
ABSTRACT Soil management and crop rotation are key factors in controlling the accumulation of C and N in the soil profile, but their long-term effect remains poorly understood for deep soil layers, especially in subtropical conditions. Using a long-term experiment (26-years), this study aimed to eva...
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Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832020000100528&tlng=en |
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| author | Tales Tiecher Elci Gubiani Maria Alice Santanna Murilo Gomes Veloso Ademir Calegari Lutécia Beatriz dos Santos Canalli Maria Renate Finckh Laurent Caner Danilo dos Santos Rheinheimer |
| author_facet | Tales Tiecher Elci Gubiani Maria Alice Santanna Murilo Gomes Veloso Ademir Calegari Lutécia Beatriz dos Santos Canalli Maria Renate Finckh Laurent Caner Danilo dos Santos Rheinheimer |
| author_sort | Tales Tiecher |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Soil management and crop rotation are key factors in controlling the accumulation of C and N in the soil profile, but their long-term effect remains poorly understood for deep soil layers, especially in subtropical conditions. Using a long-term experiment (26-years), this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different soil management systems associated with different winter cover crops on C and N accumulation in a very clayey (72 % clay) soil up to 1 m deep. Two tillage systems [conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT)] were cultivated with eight winter cover crops (black oat, rye, common vetch, hairy vetch, oilseed radish, wheat, blue lupine, and fallow) in a subtropical Oxisol from Southern Brazil. Soil samples were taken in eight soil layers up to 1.00 m soil depth after 26 years of experiment and, also from an adjacent native forest. After forest clearing, the C stock in the 0.00-0.20 m soil layer was reduced by 45 % in only 10 years (from 1976 to 1986) of soil tillage. Twenty-six years after the beginning of the experiment, C and N stock in 0.00-0.20 m soil layer were 13 and 20 % higher in NT compared to CT, with the greatest differences in C and N content observed in the 0.00-0.05 m layer. When associated with winter cover crops, NT accumulated 0.6 and 0.06 Mg ha-1 yr-1 more C and N than CT with winter fallow in the 0.00-0.20 m soil layer. No-tillage and CT recovered 95 and 83 %, respectively, of the C stock found in the 0.00-0.20 m layer from the native forest. However, in the 0.00-1.00 m soil layer, the positive effect of NT on soil C accumulation compared to CT was diluted, and no clear effect of NT was verified. Moreover, no difference in winter cover crops on soil C and N stocks were observed in all soil layers, possibly due to their similar residues input (3.3-4.9 Mg ha-1 yr-1). No-tillage associated with high biomass input through winter cover crops promoted a faster recovery of soil C and N stock than in CT and, therefore, is an efficient tool to improve soil C and N accumulation even in Oxisols with high clay content. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T18:41:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-64bbc5987d2c4601b12d1dfd054f56d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1806-9657 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T18:41:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
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| series | Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
| spelling | doaj.art-64bbc5987d2c4601b12d1dfd054f56d62022-12-21T19:29:46ZengSociedade Brasileira de Ciência do SoloRevista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo1806-96572020-12-014410.36783/18069657rbcs20200029Effect of 26-years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on C and N stocks in a Southern Brazilian OxisolTales Tiecherhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5612-2849Elci Gubianihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0348-3522Maria Alice Santannahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6661-8776Murilo Gomes Velosohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5358-5768Ademir Calegarihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8584-2132Lutécia Beatriz dos Santos Canallihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0821-8584Maria Renate Finckhhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2925-4058Laurent Canerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-744XDanilo dos Santos Rheinheimerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-7617ABSTRACT Soil management and crop rotation are key factors in controlling the accumulation of C and N in the soil profile, but their long-term effect remains poorly understood for deep soil layers, especially in subtropical conditions. Using a long-term experiment (26-years), this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different soil management systems associated with different winter cover crops on C and N accumulation in a very clayey (72 % clay) soil up to 1 m deep. Two tillage systems [conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT)] were cultivated with eight winter cover crops (black oat, rye, common vetch, hairy vetch, oilseed radish, wheat, blue lupine, and fallow) in a subtropical Oxisol from Southern Brazil. Soil samples were taken in eight soil layers up to 1.00 m soil depth after 26 years of experiment and, also from an adjacent native forest. After forest clearing, the C stock in the 0.00-0.20 m soil layer was reduced by 45 % in only 10 years (from 1976 to 1986) of soil tillage. Twenty-six years after the beginning of the experiment, C and N stock in 0.00-0.20 m soil layer were 13 and 20 % higher in NT compared to CT, with the greatest differences in C and N content observed in the 0.00-0.05 m layer. When associated with winter cover crops, NT accumulated 0.6 and 0.06 Mg ha-1 yr-1 more C and N than CT with winter fallow in the 0.00-0.20 m soil layer. No-tillage and CT recovered 95 and 83 %, respectively, of the C stock found in the 0.00-0.20 m layer from the native forest. However, in the 0.00-1.00 m soil layer, the positive effect of NT on soil C accumulation compared to CT was diluted, and no clear effect of NT was verified. Moreover, no difference in winter cover crops on soil C and N stocks were observed in all soil layers, possibly due to their similar residues input (3.3-4.9 Mg ha-1 yr-1). No-tillage associated with high biomass input through winter cover crops promoted a faster recovery of soil C and N stock than in CT and, therefore, is an efficient tool to improve soil C and N accumulation even in Oxisols with high clay content.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832020000100528&tlng=enconservation agricultureC accumulation rateN accumulation ratelong-term no-tillage |
| spellingShingle | Tales Tiecher Elci Gubiani Maria Alice Santanna Murilo Gomes Veloso Ademir Calegari Lutécia Beatriz dos Santos Canalli Maria Renate Finckh Laurent Caner Danilo dos Santos Rheinheimer Effect of 26-years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on C and N stocks in a Southern Brazilian Oxisol Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo conservation agriculture C accumulation rate N accumulation rate long-term no-tillage |
| title | Effect of 26-years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on C and N stocks in a Southern Brazilian Oxisol |
| title_full | Effect of 26-years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on C and N stocks in a Southern Brazilian Oxisol |
| title_fullStr | Effect of 26-years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on C and N stocks in a Southern Brazilian Oxisol |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of 26-years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on C and N stocks in a Southern Brazilian Oxisol |
| title_short | Effect of 26-years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on C and N stocks in a Southern Brazilian Oxisol |
| title_sort | effect of 26 years of soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on c and n stocks in a southern brazilian oxisol |
| topic | conservation agriculture C accumulation rate N accumulation rate long-term no-tillage |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832020000100528&tlng=en |
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