Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional study
Abstract: This study aims to determine the association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its food groups with depressive symptoms in Chilean university students. The study design was cross-sectional. A total of 934 first-year students at a Chilean public university completed a self-report q...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2023001005013&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1827762857191669760 |
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| author | Gladys Morales Teresa Balboa-Castillo Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez Miriam Garrido-Miguel Camilo Molino Guidoni Rafaela Sirtoli Arthur Eumann Mesas Renne Rodrigues |
| author_facet | Gladys Morales Teresa Balboa-Castillo Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez Miriam Garrido-Miguel Camilo Molino Guidoni Rafaela Sirtoli Arthur Eumann Mesas Renne Rodrigues |
| author_sort | Gladys Morales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract: This study aims to determine the association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its food groups with depressive symptoms in Chilean university students. The study design was cross-sectional. A total of 934 first-year students at a Chilean public university completed a self-report questionnaire. To assess adherence to Mediterranean diet, an index validated in Chile (Chilean-MDI) was used, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were assessed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of adherence to Mediterranean diet and its food groups with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms adjusted for the main confounders. Students with moderate and high adherence to Mediterranean diet showed lower odds of depression [DASS-21 > 5, odds ratio (OR) = 0.64; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.47-0.88] than those with low adherence to Mediterranean diet. The consumption of 1-2 servings/day of vegetables (OR = 0.63; 95%CI: 0.43-0.92), > 2 servings/week of nuts (OR = 0.41; 95%CI: 0.21-0.80), 1-2 servings/day of fruits (OR = 0.60; 95%CI: 0.42-0.85), 1-2 servings/week of fish and seafood (OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.48-0.94), and 1/2-3 units/week of avocado (OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.48-0.93) showed low odds of depressive symptoms. The consumption of whole grains and cereals (> 2 servings/day) (OR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.02-2.61) showed the opposite association. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and consumption of fruits, vegetables, nuts, avocado, fish, and seafood are associated with a lower likelihood of depression in Chilean university students. New policies and educational strategies are recommended to improve diet quality and the mental health of the entire university community. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:42:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-64c2489a7f2f46c0b6b0891345eb3aff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-4464 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:42:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
| spelling | doaj.art-64c2489a7f2f46c0b6b0891345eb3aff2023-11-14T07:52:23ZengEscola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo CruzCadernos de Saúde Pública1678-44642023-11-01391010.1590/0102-311xen206722Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional studyGladys Moraleshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7194-8833Teresa Balboa-Castillohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8568-7539Rubén Fernández-Rodríguezhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7504-1534Miriam Garrido-Miguelhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4617-616XCamilo Molino Guidonihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5844-143XRafaela Sirtolihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7022-0728Arthur Eumann Mesashttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0088-8607Renne Rodrigueshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-5901Abstract: This study aims to determine the association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its food groups with depressive symptoms in Chilean university students. The study design was cross-sectional. A total of 934 first-year students at a Chilean public university completed a self-report questionnaire. To assess adherence to Mediterranean diet, an index validated in Chile (Chilean-MDI) was used, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were assessed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of adherence to Mediterranean diet and its food groups with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms adjusted for the main confounders. Students with moderate and high adherence to Mediterranean diet showed lower odds of depression [DASS-21 > 5, odds ratio (OR) = 0.64; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.47-0.88] than those with low adherence to Mediterranean diet. The consumption of 1-2 servings/day of vegetables (OR = 0.63; 95%CI: 0.43-0.92), > 2 servings/week of nuts (OR = 0.41; 95%CI: 0.21-0.80), 1-2 servings/day of fruits (OR = 0.60; 95%CI: 0.42-0.85), 1-2 servings/week of fish and seafood (OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.48-0.94), and 1/2-3 units/week of avocado (OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.48-0.93) showed low odds of depressive symptoms. The consumption of whole grains and cereals (> 2 servings/day) (OR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.02-2.61) showed the opposite association. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and consumption of fruits, vegetables, nuts, avocado, fish, and seafood are associated with a lower likelihood of depression in Chilean university students. New policies and educational strategies are recommended to improve diet quality and the mental health of the entire university community.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2023001005013&lng=en&tlng=enMediterranean DietDepressionMental HealthYoung AdultsStudent Health |
| spellingShingle | Gladys Morales Teresa Balboa-Castillo Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez Miriam Garrido-Miguel Camilo Molino Guidoni Rafaela Sirtoli Arthur Eumann Mesas Renne Rodrigues Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional study Cadernos de Saúde Pública Mediterranean Diet Depression Mental Health Young Adults Student Health |
| title | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Chilean university students: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | adherence to the mediterranean diet and depression anxiety and stress symptoms in chilean university students a cross sectional study |
| topic | Mediterranean Diet Depression Mental Health Young Adults Student Health |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2023001005013&lng=en&tlng=en |
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