Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
Recently, the appeal of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESSs) has been growing in multiple application fields, such as charging stations, grid services, and microgrids. HESSs consist of an integration of two or more single Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) to combine the benefits of each ESS and improve...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Batteries |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/4/211 |
| _version_ | 1797268426342793216 |
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| author | Christina Schubert Wiem Fekih Hassen Barbara Poisl Stephanie Seitz Jonathan Schubert Estanis Oyarbide Usabiaga Pilar Molina Gaudo Karl-Heinz Pettinger |
| author_facet | Christina Schubert Wiem Fekih Hassen Barbara Poisl Stephanie Seitz Jonathan Schubert Estanis Oyarbide Usabiaga Pilar Molina Gaudo Karl-Heinz Pettinger |
| author_sort | Christina Schubert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recently, the appeal of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESSs) has been growing in multiple application fields, such as charging stations, grid services, and microgrids. HESSs consist of an integration of two or more single Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) to combine the benefits of each ESS and improve the overall system performance, e.g., efficiency and lifespan. Most recent studies on HESS mainly focus on power management and coupling between the different ESSs without a particular interest in a specific type of ESS. Over the last decades, Redox-Flow Batteries (RFBs) have received significant attention due to their attractive features, especially for stationary storage applications, and hybridization can improve certain characteristics with respect to short-term duration and peak power availability. Presented in this paper is a comprehensive overview of the main concepts of HESSs based on RFBs. Starting with a brief description and a specification of the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of common electrochemical storage technologies suitable for hybridization with RFBs, HESS are classified based on battery-oriented and application-oriented KPIs. Furthermore, an optimal coupling architecture of HESS comprising the combination of an RFB and a Supercapacitor (SC) is proposed and evaluated via numerical simulation. Finally, an in-depth study of Energy Management Systems (EMS) is conducted. The general structure of an EMS as well as possible application scenarios are provided to identify commonly used control and optimization parameters. Therefore, the differentiation in system-oriented and application-oriented parameters is applied to literature data. Afterwards, state-of-the-art EMS optimization techniques are discussed. As an optimal EMS is characterized by the prediction of the system’s future behavior and the use of the suitable control technique, a detailed analysis of the previous implemented EMS prediction algorithms and control techniques is carried out. The study summarizes the key aspects and challenges of the electrical hybridization of RFBs and thus gives future perspectives on newly needed optimization and control algorithms for management systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:13:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-64f351271def4453a377fc3b5c893fb4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:32:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj.art-64f351271def4453a377fc3b5c893fb42024-03-08T11:54:23ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052023-03-019421110.3390/batteries9040211Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future PerspectivesChristina Schubert0Wiem Fekih Hassen1Barbara Poisl2Stephanie Seitz3Jonathan Schubert4Estanis Oyarbide Usabiaga5Pilar Molina Gaudo6Karl-Heinz Pettinger7Technology Centre Energy, University of Applied Sciences Landshut, Wiesenweg 1, 94099 Ruhstorf an der Rott, GermanyChair of Distributed Information Systems, University of Passau, Innstraße 41, 94032 Passau, GermanyTechnology Centre Energy, University of Applied Sciences Landshut, Wiesenweg 1, 94099 Ruhstorf an der Rott, GermanyTechnology Centre Energy, University of Applied Sciences Landshut, Wiesenweg 1, 94099 Ruhstorf an der Rott, GermanyTechnology Centre Energy, University of Applied Sciences Landshut, Wiesenweg 1, 94099 Ruhstorf an der Rott, GermanyGrupo Gregorio Quejido, Epic Power Converters S.L., Calle F Oeste, Nave 93 Polígono Industrial Malpica, 50016 Zaragoza, SpainGrupo Gregorio Quejido, Epic Power Converters S.L., Calle F Oeste, Nave 93 Polígono Industrial Malpica, 50016 Zaragoza, SpainTechnology Centre Energy, University of Applied Sciences Landshut, Wiesenweg 1, 94099 Ruhstorf an der Rott, GermanyRecently, the appeal of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESSs) has been growing in multiple application fields, such as charging stations, grid services, and microgrids. HESSs consist of an integration of two or more single Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) to combine the benefits of each ESS and improve the overall system performance, e.g., efficiency and lifespan. Most recent studies on HESS mainly focus on power management and coupling between the different ESSs without a particular interest in a specific type of ESS. Over the last decades, Redox-Flow Batteries (RFBs) have received significant attention due to their attractive features, especially for stationary storage applications, and hybridization can improve certain characteristics with respect to short-term duration and peak power availability. Presented in this paper is a comprehensive overview of the main concepts of HESSs based on RFBs. Starting with a brief description and a specification of the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of common electrochemical storage technologies suitable for hybridization with RFBs, HESS are classified based on battery-oriented and application-oriented KPIs. Furthermore, an optimal coupling architecture of HESS comprising the combination of an RFB and a Supercapacitor (SC) is proposed and evaluated via numerical simulation. Finally, an in-depth study of Energy Management Systems (EMS) is conducted. The general structure of an EMS as well as possible application scenarios are provided to identify commonly used control and optimization parameters. Therefore, the differentiation in system-oriented and application-oriented parameters is applied to literature data. Afterwards, state-of-the-art EMS optimization techniques are discussed. As an optimal EMS is characterized by the prediction of the system’s future behavior and the use of the suitable control technique, a detailed analysis of the previous implemented EMS prediction algorithms and control techniques is carried out. The study summarizes the key aspects and challenges of the electrical hybridization of RFBs and thus gives future perspectives on newly needed optimization and control algorithms for management systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/4/211hybrid energy storage systemsredox-flow batterieskey performance indicatorscoupling architectureenergy management systemprediction |
| spellingShingle | Christina Schubert Wiem Fekih Hassen Barbara Poisl Stephanie Seitz Jonathan Schubert Estanis Oyarbide Usabiaga Pilar Molina Gaudo Karl-Heinz Pettinger Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Perspectives Batteries hybrid energy storage systems redox-flow batteries key performance indicators coupling architecture energy management system prediction |
| title | Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Perspectives |
| title_full | Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Perspectives |
| title_short | Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on Redox-Flow Batteries: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Perspectives |
| title_sort | hybrid energy storage systems based on redox flow batteries recent developments challenges and future perspectives |
| topic | hybrid energy storage systems redox-flow batteries key performance indicators coupling architecture energy management system prediction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/4/211 |
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