Compact Multi-Wideband Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications Using Squint Beams
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) cellular systems leverage the hybrid analog-digital structure to balance the costs and the capacity performance by using fewer Radio Frequency (RF) chains and the spatial sparsity of the channel. Besides, a more broadband system is the natural outgrowth of the gigantic frequ...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2020-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9210090/ |
| _version_ | 1818617257128886272 |
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| author | Xiaoliang Pan Chunguo Li Meng Hua Wen Yan Luxi Yang |
| author_facet | Xiaoliang Pan Chunguo Li Meng Hua Wen Yan Luxi Yang |
| author_sort | Xiaoliang Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Millimeter-wave (mmWave) cellular systems leverage the hybrid analog-digital structure to balance the costs and the capacity performance by using fewer Radio Frequency (RF) chains and the spatial sparsity of the channel. Besides, a more broadband system is the natural outgrowth of the gigantic frequency resource in mmWave band. However, it becomes precarious when the hybrid structure is extended to the wideband systems as the wideband phase shifters are used in the array. In this article, a multi-wideband planar array structure using the concept of Sierpinski carpet fractal is proposed, which exploits the beam squinting property instead of forming several independent beams through an existing hybrid structure. Moreover, multi-subarray can form a larger antenna array without additional costs of phase shifters for the wider range of values. First, we derive several properties of the steering beams from a wideband linear array. Then, we exploit the beam squinting property of the planar arrays employing wideband ideal phase shifters to form multi-beam. The functionality of the phase shifters in an array is simplified by a set of wideband cells connected in series. The maximum cell number needed in the array is derived, and during this derivation, we find a flaw of the beam squinting method. Finally, we present numerical results on the performance of the proposed arrays with the proposed algorithm, based on a cellular scenario of one base station (BS) and multi-user, where the BS has four subarrays and each user has one subarray. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T17:02:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-64fd3f96630f4114be36e0dc7ed8699e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T17:02:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-64fd3f96630f4114be36e0dc7ed8699e2022-12-21T22:23:41ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362020-01-01818314618316410.1109/ACCESS.2020.30278359210090Compact Multi-Wideband Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications Using Squint BeamsXiaoliang Pan0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5890-0026Chunguo Li1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-7226Meng Hua2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3121-6344Wen Yan3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4554-3784Luxi Yang4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-1806School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaMillimeter-wave (mmWave) cellular systems leverage the hybrid analog-digital structure to balance the costs and the capacity performance by using fewer Radio Frequency (RF) chains and the spatial sparsity of the channel. Besides, a more broadband system is the natural outgrowth of the gigantic frequency resource in mmWave band. However, it becomes precarious when the hybrid structure is extended to the wideband systems as the wideband phase shifters are used in the array. In this article, a multi-wideband planar array structure using the concept of Sierpinski carpet fractal is proposed, which exploits the beam squinting property instead of forming several independent beams through an existing hybrid structure. Moreover, multi-subarray can form a larger antenna array without additional costs of phase shifters for the wider range of values. First, we derive several properties of the steering beams from a wideband linear array. Then, we exploit the beam squinting property of the planar arrays employing wideband ideal phase shifters to form multi-beam. The functionality of the phase shifters in an array is simplified by a set of wideband cells connected in series. The maximum cell number needed in the array is derived, and during this derivation, we find a flaw of the beam squinting method. Finally, we present numerical results on the performance of the proposed arrays with the proposed algorithm, based on a cellular scenario of one base station (BS) and multi-user, where the BS has four subarrays and each user has one subarray.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9210090/Millimeter-wavewideband antenna arraywideband phase shifterbeam squintingSierpinski carpet |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoliang Pan Chunguo Li Meng Hua Wen Yan Luxi Yang Compact Multi-Wideband Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications Using Squint Beams IEEE Access Millimeter-wave wideband antenna array wideband phase shifter beam squinting Sierpinski carpet |
| title | Compact Multi-Wideband Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications Using Squint Beams |
| title_full | Compact Multi-Wideband Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications Using Squint Beams |
| title_fullStr | Compact Multi-Wideband Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications Using Squint Beams |
| title_full_unstemmed | Compact Multi-Wideband Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications Using Squint Beams |
| title_short | Compact Multi-Wideband Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications Using Squint Beams |
| title_sort | compact multi wideband array for millimeter wave communications using squint beams |
| topic | Millimeter-wave wideband antenna array wideband phase shifter beam squinting Sierpinski carpet |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9210090/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaoliangpan compactmultiwidebandarrayformillimeterwavecommunicationsusingsquintbeams AT chunguoli compactmultiwidebandarrayformillimeterwavecommunicationsusingsquintbeams AT menghua compactmultiwidebandarrayformillimeterwavecommunicationsusingsquintbeams AT wenyan compactmultiwidebandarrayformillimeterwavecommunicationsusingsquintbeams AT luxiyang compactmultiwidebandarrayformillimeterwavecommunicationsusingsquintbeams |