Fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions: A diagnostic evaluation study
Background: Thyroid disorders are prevalent worldwide, with India being at high risk for iodine deficiency disorders. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a first-line diagnostic tool for evaluating thyroid nodules, which has significantly reduced the number of thyroid surgeries performed. Obje...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mrimsjournal.com/article.asp?issn=2321-7006;year=2024;volume=12;issue=1;spage=62;epage=66;aulast=Singhi |
| _version_ | 1797299954950078464 |
|---|---|
| author | Gaurav Singhi Poornima V Kamatar U S Dinesh |
| author_facet | Gaurav Singhi Poornima V Kamatar U S Dinesh |
| author_sort | Gaurav Singhi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Thyroid disorders are prevalent worldwide, with India being at high risk for iodine deficiency disorders. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a first-line diagnostic tool for evaluating thyroid nodules, which has significantly reduced the number of thyroid surgeries performed.
Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of thyroid swellings.
Materials and Methods: Diagnostic evaluation study of patients with thyroid swelling whose FNAC is carried out over a period of 1 year. The patient's demographic and clinical details, as well as relevant investigations, were obtained. FNAC results were classified into four groups: benign, suspicious for malignancy, malignant, and unsatisfactory/insufficient for diagnosis. Based on FNAC results, 22 patients underwent thyroid surgery, and the specimens were examined histologically. The study assessed the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC by comparing cytological diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis.
Results: Out of 228 patients with thyroid swelling, 190 (83.34%) were females and 38 (16.66%) were males. Average age of presentation was 39.89 years. Clinically, 108 (47.36%) cases presented with the diffuse involvement of the thyroid gland. FNAC results showed 201 (88.15%) were benign, 15 (6.57%) were malignant, and 12 (5.26%) were unsatisfactory. Colloid goiter was the most common thyroid lesion found on FNAC. Among 22 cases that underwent surgery, 17 were benign and 5 were malignant on histopathology examination. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were 100%, 94.44%, 80%, 100%, and 95.45%, respectively.
Conclusion: FNAC is a simple, quick, and useful first-line tool for evaluating thyroid swelling and can help differentiate neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions. It also helps surgeons in decision-making and patient management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:59:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-650bb6b5a90c4e06b526f2bfee9c1c61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2321-7006 2321-7294 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:59:09Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-650bb6b5a90c4e06b526f2bfee9c1c612024-02-22T15:18:16ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsMRIMS Journal of Health Sciences2321-70062321-72942024-01-01121626610.4103/mjhs.mjhs_93_23Fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions: A diagnostic evaluation studyGaurav SinghiPoornima V KamatarU S DineshBackground: Thyroid disorders are prevalent worldwide, with India being at high risk for iodine deficiency disorders. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a first-line diagnostic tool for evaluating thyroid nodules, which has significantly reduced the number of thyroid surgeries performed. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of thyroid swellings. Materials and Methods: Diagnostic evaluation study of patients with thyroid swelling whose FNAC is carried out over a period of 1 year. The patient's demographic and clinical details, as well as relevant investigations, were obtained. FNAC results were classified into four groups: benign, suspicious for malignancy, malignant, and unsatisfactory/insufficient for diagnosis. Based on FNAC results, 22 patients underwent thyroid surgery, and the specimens were examined histologically. The study assessed the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC by comparing cytological diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis. Results: Out of 228 patients with thyroid swelling, 190 (83.34%) were females and 38 (16.66%) were males. Average age of presentation was 39.89 years. Clinically, 108 (47.36%) cases presented with the diffuse involvement of the thyroid gland. FNAC results showed 201 (88.15%) were benign, 15 (6.57%) were malignant, and 12 (5.26%) were unsatisfactory. Colloid goiter was the most common thyroid lesion found on FNAC. Among 22 cases that underwent surgery, 17 were benign and 5 were malignant on histopathology examination. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were 100%, 94.44%, 80%, 100%, and 95.45%, respectively. Conclusion: FNAC is a simple, quick, and useful first-line tool for evaluating thyroid swelling and can help differentiate neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions. It also helps surgeons in decision-making and patient management.http://www.mrimsjournal.com/article.asp?issn=2321-7006;year=2024;volume=12;issue=1;spage=62;epage=66;aulast=Singhifine-needle aspiration cytologysensitivityspecificitythyroid swelling |
| spellingShingle | Gaurav Singhi Poornima V Kamatar U S Dinesh Fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions: A diagnostic evaluation study MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences fine-needle aspiration cytology sensitivity specificity thyroid swelling |
| title | Fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions: A diagnostic evaluation study |
| title_full | Fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions: A diagnostic evaluation study |
| title_fullStr | Fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions: A diagnostic evaluation study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions: A diagnostic evaluation study |
| title_short | Fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions: A diagnostic evaluation study |
| title_sort | fine needle aspiration cytology in thyroid lesions a diagnostic evaluation study |
| topic | fine-needle aspiration cytology sensitivity specificity thyroid swelling |
| url | http://www.mrimsjournal.com/article.asp?issn=2321-7006;year=2024;volume=12;issue=1;spage=62;epage=66;aulast=Singhi |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gauravsinghi fineneedleaspirationcytologyinthyroidlesionsadiagnosticevaluationstudy AT poornimavkamatar fineneedleaspirationcytologyinthyroidlesionsadiagnosticevaluationstudy AT usdinesh fineneedleaspirationcytologyinthyroidlesionsadiagnosticevaluationstudy |