Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation
Introduction: Atherosclerosis (i.e. hardening and thickening of arteries) causes vascular remodeling, obstruction of lumen, abnormalities of blood flow and reduced oxygenation of target tissues. Manifestation of atherosclerosis in the form of either Myocardial Infarction or Stroke is the major c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/7130/15426_CE(RA1)_F(T)_PF1(BMAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
| _version_ | 1811316407691902976 |
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| author | Shivani Garg Shivali V. Kashikar Suresh Phatak |
| author_facet | Shivani Garg Shivali V. Kashikar Suresh Phatak |
| author_sort | Shivani Garg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Atherosclerosis (i.e. hardening and thickening
of arteries) causes vascular remodeling, obstruction of lumen,
abnormalities of blood flow and reduced oxygenation of target
tissues. Manifestation of atherosclerosis in the form of either
Myocardial Infarction or Stroke is the major cause of morbidity
and mortality. This study evaluated extracranial carotid arteries
of patients (>60 years) who presented with risk factors of
atherosclerosis and determined the association of risk factors with
carotid abnormalities.
Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of atherosclerosis, haemodynamic
and morphological changes that take place in extra cranial portion
of carotid arteries in patients with risk factors of atherosclerosis
(Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Smoking, Stroke, Coronary Artery
Disease, Hypercholesterolaemia) and determine the association of
risk factors with carotid abnormalities.
Materials and Methods: The prospective cross-sectional
analytical study included the examination of Extracranial carotid
arteries of 1043 patients over a period of 2 years (2013-2015)
using duplex ultrasound. Assessment of CCA-IMT, ICA-IMT and
percent stenosis was done using a linear probe of 8-12 MHz.
Statistical Analysis: Correlation between risk factors of atherosclerosis, wall thickness of common carotid (CCA-IMT), internal
carotid arteries (ICA-IMT) and stenosis was studied using statistical
tools like multiple logistic regression analysis and analysis of variance
(p<0.05) using SPSS 17.0.
Results: Maximum percent stenosis increased with increase in
age. Prevalence of severe stenosis (>70%) was low while the
prevalence of mild stenosis (<50%) was quite high. In all age
groups, stenosis was more prevalent and more severe in men
as compared to women. Hypertension showed the strongest
positive correlation with all three measures of interest CCA-IMT,
ICA-IMT and maximum percent stenosis. Stroke history showed
strong positive correlation with CCA-IMT and stenosis. Smoking,
Diabetes Mellitus, Hypercholesterolaemia, Heart disease showed
strong association with all three measures as well. Atherosclerotic
plaques were mostly found at the site of carotid bifurcation.
Conclusion: CCA-IMT was strongly associated with hypertension,
smoking and diabetes mellitus. ICA-IMT was strongly associated
with hypertension and history of heart disease. Percent stenosis
was strongly associated with smoking and history of heart disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:48:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-65157d59748440fa82fd1144b44cb6aa |
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| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:48:22Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-65157d59748440fa82fd1144b44cb6aa2022-12-22T02:48:07ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2016-01-01101TC06TC1010.7860/JCDR/2016/15426.7130Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological CorrelationShivani Garg0Shivali V. Kashikar1Suresh Phatak2Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, JNMC, DMIMS, Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha, Maharashtra, India.Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, JNMC, DMIMS, Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha, Maharashtra, India.Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, JNMC, DMIMS, Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha, Maharashtra, India.Introduction: Atherosclerosis (i.e. hardening and thickening of arteries) causes vascular remodeling, obstruction of lumen, abnormalities of blood flow and reduced oxygenation of target tissues. Manifestation of atherosclerosis in the form of either Myocardial Infarction or Stroke is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated extracranial carotid arteries of patients (>60 years) who presented with risk factors of atherosclerosis and determined the association of risk factors with carotid abnormalities. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of atherosclerosis, haemodynamic and morphological changes that take place in extra cranial portion of carotid arteries in patients with risk factors of atherosclerosis (Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Smoking, Stroke, Coronary Artery Disease, Hypercholesterolaemia) and determine the association of risk factors with carotid abnormalities. Materials and Methods: The prospective cross-sectional analytical study included the examination of Extracranial carotid arteries of 1043 patients over a period of 2 years (2013-2015) using duplex ultrasound. Assessment of CCA-IMT, ICA-IMT and percent stenosis was done using a linear probe of 8-12 MHz. Statistical Analysis: Correlation between risk factors of atherosclerosis, wall thickness of common carotid (CCA-IMT), internal carotid arteries (ICA-IMT) and stenosis was studied using statistical tools like multiple logistic regression analysis and analysis of variance (p<0.05) using SPSS 17.0. Results: Maximum percent stenosis increased with increase in age. Prevalence of severe stenosis (>70%) was low while the prevalence of mild stenosis (<50%) was quite high. In all age groups, stenosis was more prevalent and more severe in men as compared to women. Hypertension showed the strongest positive correlation with all three measures of interest CCA-IMT, ICA-IMT and maximum percent stenosis. Stroke history showed strong positive correlation with CCA-IMT and stenosis. Smoking, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypercholesterolaemia, Heart disease showed strong association with all three measures as well. Atherosclerotic plaques were mostly found at the site of carotid bifurcation. Conclusion: CCA-IMT was strongly associated with hypertension, smoking and diabetes mellitus. ICA-IMT was strongly associated with hypertension and history of heart disease. Percent stenosis was strongly associated with smoking and history of heart disease.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/7130/15426_CE(RA1)_F(T)_PF1(BMAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdfatherosclerosisintima-media thicknessplaquestrokestenosisultrasound |
| spellingShingle | Shivani Garg Shivali V. Kashikar Suresh Phatak Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research atherosclerosis intima-media thickness plaque stroke stenosis ultrasound |
| title | Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation |
| title_full | Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation |
| title_fullStr | Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation |
| title_short | Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation |
| title_sort | colour doppler evaluation of extracranial carotid arteries a clinical and radiological correlation |
| topic | atherosclerosis intima-media thickness plaque stroke stenosis ultrasound |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/7130/15426_CE(RA1)_F(T)_PF1(BMAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
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