Oscillometry-Defined Small Airway Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Background The prevalence of small airway dysfunction (SAD) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) across different ethnicities is poorly understood. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of SAD in stable COPD patients. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 196...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
2024-04-01
|
| Series: | Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://e-trd.org/upload/pdf/trd-2023-0139.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797232525865648128 |
|---|---|
| author | Amit K. Rath Dibakar Sahu Sajal De |
| author_facet | Amit K. Rath Dibakar Sahu Sajal De |
| author_sort | Amit K. Rath |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The prevalence of small airway dysfunction (SAD) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) across different ethnicities is poorly understood. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of SAD in stable COPD patients. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 196 consecutive stable COPD patients. We measured pre- and post-bronchodilator (BD) lung function and respiratory impedance. The severity of COPD and lung function abnormalities was graded in accordance with the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. SAD was defined as either difference in whole-breath resistance at 5 and 19 Hz > upper limit of normal or respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz < lower limit of normal. Results The cohort consisted of 95.9% men, with an average age of 66.3 years. The mean forced expiratory volume 1 second (FEV1) % predicted was 56.4%. The median COPD assessment test (CAT) scores were 14. The prevalence of post-BD SAD across the GOLD grades 1 to 4 was 14.3%, 51.1%, 91%, and 100%, respectively. The post-BD SAD and expiratory flow limitation at tidal breath (EFLT) were present in 62.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56.1 to 69.9) and 28.1% (95% CI, 21.9 to 34.2), respectively. COPD patients with SAD had higher CAT scores (15.5 vs. 12.8, p<0.01); poor lung function (FEV1% predicted 46.6% vs. 72.8%, p<0.01); lower diffusion capacity for CO (4.8 mmol/min/kPa vs. 5.6 mmol/min/kPa, p<0.01); hyperinflation (ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity % predicted: 159.7% vs. 129%, p<0.01), and shorter 6-minute walk distance (367.5 m vs. 390 m, p=0.02). Conclusion SAD is present across all severities of COPD. The prevalence of SAD increases with disease severity. SAD is associated with poor lung function and higher symptom burden. Severe SAD is indicated by the presence of EFLT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:01:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6521efd45326495f80894f1ee534cf97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1738-3536 2005-6184 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:01:40Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-6521efd45326495f80894f1ee534cf972024-04-01T07:30:27ZengThe Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory DiseasesTuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases1738-35362005-61842024-04-0187216517510.4046/trd.2023.01394854Oscillometry-Defined Small Airway Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseAmit K. Rath0Dibakar Sahu1Sajal De Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IndiaBackground The prevalence of small airway dysfunction (SAD) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) across different ethnicities is poorly understood. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of SAD in stable COPD patients. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 196 consecutive stable COPD patients. We measured pre- and post-bronchodilator (BD) lung function and respiratory impedance. The severity of COPD and lung function abnormalities was graded in accordance with the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. SAD was defined as either difference in whole-breath resistance at 5 and 19 Hz > upper limit of normal or respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz < lower limit of normal. Results The cohort consisted of 95.9% men, with an average age of 66.3 years. The mean forced expiratory volume 1 second (FEV1) % predicted was 56.4%. The median COPD assessment test (CAT) scores were 14. The prevalence of post-BD SAD across the GOLD grades 1 to 4 was 14.3%, 51.1%, 91%, and 100%, respectively. The post-BD SAD and expiratory flow limitation at tidal breath (EFLT) were present in 62.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56.1 to 69.9) and 28.1% (95% CI, 21.9 to 34.2), respectively. COPD patients with SAD had higher CAT scores (15.5 vs. 12.8, p<0.01); poor lung function (FEV1% predicted 46.6% vs. 72.8%, p<0.01); lower diffusion capacity for CO (4.8 mmol/min/kPa vs. 5.6 mmol/min/kPa, p<0.01); hyperinflation (ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity % predicted: 159.7% vs. 129%, p<0.01), and shorter 6-minute walk distance (367.5 m vs. 390 m, p=0.02). Conclusion SAD is present across all severities of COPD. The prevalence of SAD increases with disease severity. SAD is associated with poor lung function and higher symptom burden. Severe SAD is indicated by the presence of EFLT.http://e-trd.org/upload/pdf/trd-2023-0139.pdfchronic obstructive pulmonary diseasesmall airway dysfunctionoscillometryexpiratory flow limitation at tidal breathscopd assessment test score |
| spellingShingle | Amit K. Rath Dibakar Sahu Sajal De Oscillometry-Defined Small Airway Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases chronic obstructive pulmonary disease small airway dysfunction oscillometry expiratory flow limitation at tidal breaths copd assessment test score |
| title | Oscillometry-Defined Small Airway Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_full | Oscillometry-Defined Small Airway Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_fullStr | Oscillometry-Defined Small Airway Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oscillometry-Defined Small Airway Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_short | Oscillometry-Defined Small Airway Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| title_sort | oscillometry defined small airway dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| topic | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease small airway dysfunction oscillometry expiratory flow limitation at tidal breaths copd assessment test score |
| url | http://e-trd.org/upload/pdf/trd-2023-0139.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amitkrath oscillometrydefinedsmallairwaydysfunctioninpatientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease AT dibakarsahu oscillometrydefinedsmallairwaydysfunctioninpatientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease AT sajalde oscillometrydefinedsmallairwaydysfunctioninpatientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease |