Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma Treatment
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy is one of the most promising modern approaches for the treatment of cancer. To date only two CAR T-cell products, Kymriah<sup>®</sup> and Yescarta<sup>®</sup>, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administrati...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/1/125 |
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| author | Aleksei Titov Aygul Valiullina Ekaterina Zmievskaya Ekaterina Zaikova Alexey Petukhov Regina Miftakhova Emil Bulatov Albert Rizvanov |
| author_facet | Aleksei Titov Aygul Valiullina Ekaterina Zmievskaya Ekaterina Zaikova Alexey Petukhov Regina Miftakhova Emil Bulatov Albert Rizvanov |
| author_sort | Aleksei Titov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy is one of the most promising modern approaches for the treatment of cancer. To date only two CAR T-cell products, Kymriah<sup>®</sup> and Yescarta<sup>®</sup>, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell lymphoma. Administration of CAR T-cells to control solid tumors has long been envisaged as one of the most difficult therapeutic tasks. The first two clinical trials conducted in sarcoma and neuroblastoma patients showed clinical benefits of CAR T-cells, yet multiple obstacles still hold us back from having accessible and efficient therapy. Why did such an effective treatment for relapsed and refractory hematological malignancies demonstrate only relatively modest efficiency in the context of solid tumors? Is it due to the lucky selection of the “magic” CD19 antigen, which might be one of a kind? Or do lymphomas lack the immunosuppressive features of solid tumors? Here we review the existing knowledge in the field of CAR T-cell therapy and address the heterogeneity of solid tumors and their diverse strategies of immunoevasion. We also provide an insight into prospective developments of CAR T-cell technologies against solid tumors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:41:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6559292d62544798a968073f91b419ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:41:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-6559292d62544798a968073f91b419ae2023-09-03T01:02:28ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-01-0112112510.3390/cancers12010125cancers12010125Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma TreatmentAleksei Titov0Aygul Valiullina1Ekaterina Zmievskaya2Ekaterina Zaikova3Alexey Petukhov4Regina Miftakhova5Emil Bulatov6Albert Rizvanov7Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, RussiaInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, RussiaInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, RussiaInstitute of Hematology, Almazov National Medical Research Center, 197341 Saint Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, RussiaInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, RussiaInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, RussiaInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, RussiaChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy is one of the most promising modern approaches for the treatment of cancer. To date only two CAR T-cell products, Kymriah<sup>®</sup> and Yescarta<sup>®</sup>, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell lymphoma. Administration of CAR T-cells to control solid tumors has long been envisaged as one of the most difficult therapeutic tasks. The first two clinical trials conducted in sarcoma and neuroblastoma patients showed clinical benefits of CAR T-cells, yet multiple obstacles still hold us back from having accessible and efficient therapy. Why did such an effective treatment for relapsed and refractory hematological malignancies demonstrate only relatively modest efficiency in the context of solid tumors? Is it due to the lucky selection of the “magic” CD19 antigen, which might be one of a kind? Or do lymphomas lack the immunosuppressive features of solid tumors? Here we review the existing knowledge in the field of CAR T-cell therapy and address the heterogeneity of solid tumors and their diverse strategies of immunoevasion. We also provide an insight into prospective developments of CAR T-cell technologies against solid tumors.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/1/125chimeric antigen receptorcar t-cell therapytcr therapysolid tumorlymphoma |
| spellingShingle | Aleksei Titov Aygul Valiullina Ekaterina Zmievskaya Ekaterina Zaikova Alexey Petukhov Regina Miftakhova Emil Bulatov Albert Rizvanov Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma Treatment Cancers chimeric antigen receptor car t-cell therapy tcr therapy solid tumor lymphoma |
| title | Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma Treatment |
| title_full | Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma Treatment |
| title_short | Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma Treatment |
| title_sort | advancing car t cell therapy for solid tumors lessons learned from lymphoma treatment |
| topic | chimeric antigen receptor car t-cell therapy tcr therapy solid tumor lymphoma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/1/125 |
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