Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Modulate Glutathione S-Transferase in Non-Tumorigenic Prostate Cells
Glyphosate (GLY) was developed in the early 1970s and has become the most used broad-spectrum herbicide in the world so far. Its main metabolite is aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and the accumulation of GLY and its derivative compounds raises some concerns regarding possible health outcomes. In...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6323 |
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| author | Dayanne Silva Borges Lara Vecchi Deysse Carla Tolentino Barros Vinícius Marques Arruda Helen Soares Valença Ferreira Matheus Fernandes da Silva Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra Raoni Pais Siqueira Thaise Gonçalves Araújo |
| author_facet | Dayanne Silva Borges Lara Vecchi Deysse Carla Tolentino Barros Vinícius Marques Arruda Helen Soares Valença Ferreira Matheus Fernandes da Silva Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra Raoni Pais Siqueira Thaise Gonçalves Araújo |
| author_sort | Dayanne Silva Borges |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glyphosate (GLY) was developed in the early 1970s and has become the most used broad-spectrum herbicide in the world so far. Its main metabolite is aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and the accumulation of GLY and its derivative compounds raises some concerns regarding possible health outcomes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of GLY and AMPA on prostate cell lines by evaluating cell viability, proliferation, gene and protein expression, and cellular pathways involved in the response to oxidative stress. Our results indicated that GLY and AMPA reduced the cell viability of tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic prostate cell lines only at higher concentrations (10 mM GLY and 20 mM AMPA). In contrast, both compounds increased the clonogenicity of non-tumorigenic PNT2 cells, mainly at concentrations below the IC<sub>50</sub> (5 mM GLY and 10 mM AMPA). Moreover, treatment of non-tumorigenic cells with low concentrations of GLY or AMPA for 48 h increased GSTM3 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, the treatments decrease the GST activity and induced an increase in oxidative stress, mainly at lower concentrations. Therefore, both compounds can cause cellular damage even at lower concentrations in non-tumorigenic PNT2 cells, mainly affecting cell proliferation and oxidative stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:35:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6563a96ea8a643c3921b0d928fcdfa8c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:35:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6563a96ea8a643c3921b0d928fcdfa8c2023-11-17T16:49:30ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-03-01247632310.3390/ijms24076323Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Modulate Glutathione S-Transferase in Non-Tumorigenic Prostate CellsDayanne Silva Borges0Lara Vecchi1Deysse Carla Tolentino Barros2Vinícius Marques Arruda3Helen Soares Valença Ferreira4Matheus Fernandes da Silva5Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra6Raoni Pais Siqueira7Thaise Gonçalves Araújo8Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, BrazilGlyphosate (GLY) was developed in the early 1970s and has become the most used broad-spectrum herbicide in the world so far. Its main metabolite is aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and the accumulation of GLY and its derivative compounds raises some concerns regarding possible health outcomes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of GLY and AMPA on prostate cell lines by evaluating cell viability, proliferation, gene and protein expression, and cellular pathways involved in the response to oxidative stress. Our results indicated that GLY and AMPA reduced the cell viability of tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic prostate cell lines only at higher concentrations (10 mM GLY and 20 mM AMPA). In contrast, both compounds increased the clonogenicity of non-tumorigenic PNT2 cells, mainly at concentrations below the IC<sub>50</sub> (5 mM GLY and 10 mM AMPA). Moreover, treatment of non-tumorigenic cells with low concentrations of GLY or AMPA for 48 h increased GSTM3 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, the treatments decrease the GST activity and induced an increase in oxidative stress, mainly at lower concentrations. Therefore, both compounds can cause cellular damage even at lower concentrations in non-tumorigenic PNT2 cells, mainly affecting cell proliferation and oxidative stress.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6323prostateorganophosphateglyphosateaminomethylphosphonic acidmetabolismtranscripts |
| spellingShingle | Dayanne Silva Borges Lara Vecchi Deysse Carla Tolentino Barros Vinícius Marques Arruda Helen Soares Valença Ferreira Matheus Fernandes da Silva Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra Raoni Pais Siqueira Thaise Gonçalves Araújo Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Modulate Glutathione S-Transferase in Non-Tumorigenic Prostate Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences prostate organophosphate glyphosate aminomethylphosphonic acid metabolism transcripts |
| title | Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Modulate Glutathione S-Transferase in Non-Tumorigenic Prostate Cells |
| title_full | Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Modulate Glutathione S-Transferase in Non-Tumorigenic Prostate Cells |
| title_fullStr | Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Modulate Glutathione S-Transferase in Non-Tumorigenic Prostate Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Modulate Glutathione S-Transferase in Non-Tumorigenic Prostate Cells |
| title_short | Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) Modulate Glutathione S-Transferase in Non-Tumorigenic Prostate Cells |
| title_sort | glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid ampa modulate glutathione s transferase in non tumorigenic prostate cells |
| topic | prostate organophosphate glyphosate aminomethylphosphonic acid metabolism transcripts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6323 |
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