Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle Interventions
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, characterized from pathological changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Its main characteristics are excessive lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which create a lipotoxic environment in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/8/3899 |
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| author | Maria Notarnicola Alberto Ruben Osella Maria Gabriella Caruso Pasqua Letizia Pesole Antonio Lippolis Valeria Tutino Caterina Bonfiglio Valentina De Nunzio Maria Principia Scavo Antonella Mirizzi Isabella Franco Tamara Lippolis Rosalba D’Alessandro Maria Grazia Refolo Caterina Messa |
| author_facet | Maria Notarnicola Alberto Ruben Osella Maria Gabriella Caruso Pasqua Letizia Pesole Antonio Lippolis Valeria Tutino Caterina Bonfiglio Valentina De Nunzio Maria Principia Scavo Antonella Mirizzi Isabella Franco Tamara Lippolis Rosalba D’Alessandro Maria Grazia Refolo Caterina Messa |
| author_sort | Maria Notarnicola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, characterized from pathological changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Its main characteristics are excessive lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which create a lipotoxic environment in hepatocytes leading to liver injury. Recently, many studies have focused on the identification of the genetic and epigenetic modifications that also contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis and their prognostic implications. The present review is aimed to discuss on cellular and metabolic alterations associated with NAFLD, which can be helpful to identify new noninvasive biomarkers. The identification of accumulated lipids in the cell membranes, as well as circulating cytokeratins and exosomes, provides new insights in understanding of NAFLD. This review also suggests that lifestyle modifications remain the main prevention and/or treatment for NAFLD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:27:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6570dd177504471fb5ddc35f0136efde |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:27:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6570dd177504471fb5ddc35f0136efde2023-11-21T14:54:37ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-04-01228389910.3390/ijms22083899Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle InterventionsMaria Notarnicola0Alberto Ruben Osella1Maria Gabriella Caruso2Pasqua Letizia Pesole3Antonio Lippolis4Valeria Tutino5Caterina Bonfiglio6Valentina De Nunzio7Maria Principia Scavo8Antonella Mirizzi9Isabella Franco10Tamara Lippolis11Rosalba D’Alessandro12Maria Grazia Refolo13Caterina Messa14Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyAmbulatory of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Personalized Medicine, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyLaboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, ItalyNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, characterized from pathological changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Its main characteristics are excessive lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which create a lipotoxic environment in hepatocytes leading to liver injury. Recently, many studies have focused on the identification of the genetic and epigenetic modifications that also contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis and their prognostic implications. The present review is aimed to discuss on cellular and metabolic alterations associated with NAFLD, which can be helpful to identify new noninvasive biomarkers. The identification of accumulated lipids in the cell membranes, as well as circulating cytokeratins and exosomes, provides new insights in understanding of NAFLD. This review also suggests that lifestyle modifications remain the main prevention and/or treatment for NAFLD.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/8/3899NAFLDfatty acidsexosomescytokeratinslipid metabolismMediterranean diet |
| spellingShingle | Maria Notarnicola Alberto Ruben Osella Maria Gabriella Caruso Pasqua Letizia Pesole Antonio Lippolis Valeria Tutino Caterina Bonfiglio Valentina De Nunzio Maria Principia Scavo Antonella Mirizzi Isabella Franco Tamara Lippolis Rosalba D’Alessandro Maria Grazia Refolo Caterina Messa Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle Interventions International Journal of Molecular Sciences NAFLD fatty acids exosomes cytokeratins lipid metabolism Mediterranean diet |
| title | Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle Interventions |
| title_full | Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle Interventions |
| title_fullStr | Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle Interventions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle Interventions |
| title_short | Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Focus on New Biomarkers and Lifestyle Interventions |
| title_sort | nonalcoholic fatty liver disease focus on new biomarkers and lifestyle interventions |
| topic | NAFLD fatty acids exosomes cytokeratins lipid metabolism Mediterranean diet |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/8/3899 |
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