In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer Research
In 2022, prostate cancer (PCa) is estimated to be the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the United States—almost 270,000 American men are estimated to be diagnosed with PCa in 2022. This review compares and contrasts in vivo models of PCa with regards to the altered genes, signaling pathways,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5321 |
| _version_ | 1797468856734711808 |
|---|---|
| author | Robert Adamiecki Anita Hryniewicz-Jankowska Maria A. Ortiz Xiang Li Baylee A. Porter-Hansen Imad Nsouli Gennady Bratslavsky Leszek Kotula |
| author_facet | Robert Adamiecki Anita Hryniewicz-Jankowska Maria A. Ortiz Xiang Li Baylee A. Porter-Hansen Imad Nsouli Gennady Bratslavsky Leszek Kotula |
| author_sort | Robert Adamiecki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In 2022, prostate cancer (PCa) is estimated to be the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the United States—almost 270,000 American men are estimated to be diagnosed with PCa in 2022. This review compares and contrasts in vivo models of PCa with regards to the altered genes, signaling pathways, and stages of tumor progression associated with each model. The main type of model included in this review are genetically engineered mouse models, which include conditional and constitutive knockout model. 2D cell lines, 3D organoids and spheroids, xenografts and allografts, and patient derived models are also included. The major applications, advantages and disadvantages, and ease of use and cost are unique to each type of model, but they all make it easier to translate the tumor progression that is seen in the mouse prostate to the human prostate. Although both human and mouse prostates are androgen-dependent, the fact that the native, genetically unaltered prostate in mice cannot give rise to carcinoma is an especially critical component of PCa models. Thanks to the similarities between the mouse and human genome, our knowledge of PCa has been expanded, and will continue to do so, through models of PCa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:12:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-658e95b008c4430ab5caba2b67305105 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:12:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-658e95b008c4430ab5caba2b673051052023-11-24T04:02:35ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942022-10-011421532110.3390/cancers14215321In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer ResearchRobert Adamiecki0Anita Hryniewicz-Jankowska1Maria A. Ortiz2Xiang Li3Baylee A. Porter-Hansen4Imad Nsouli5Gennady Bratslavsky6Leszek Kotula7Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USADepartment of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Str., Syracuse, NY 13010, USADepartment of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Str., Syracuse, NY 13010, USADepartment of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Str., Syracuse, NY 13010, USADepartment of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Str., Syracuse, NY 13010, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Str., Syracuse, NY 13010, USADepartment of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Str., Syracuse, NY 13010, USAIn 2022, prostate cancer (PCa) is estimated to be the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the United States—almost 270,000 American men are estimated to be diagnosed with PCa in 2022. This review compares and contrasts in vivo models of PCa with regards to the altered genes, signaling pathways, and stages of tumor progression associated with each model. The main type of model included in this review are genetically engineered mouse models, which include conditional and constitutive knockout model. 2D cell lines, 3D organoids and spheroids, xenografts and allografts, and patient derived models are also included. The major applications, advantages and disadvantages, and ease of use and cost are unique to each type of model, but they all make it easier to translate the tumor progression that is seen in the mouse prostate to the human prostate. Although both human and mouse prostates are androgen-dependent, the fact that the native, genetically unaltered prostate in mice cannot give rise to carcinoma is an especially critical component of PCa models. Thanks to the similarities between the mouse and human genome, our knowledge of PCa has been expanded, and will continue to do so, through models of PCa.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5321prostate cancerknockout mouse modelsgenetically-engineered mouse modelsxenograftspatient derived xenograftsorganoids |
| spellingShingle | Robert Adamiecki Anita Hryniewicz-Jankowska Maria A. Ortiz Xiang Li Baylee A. Porter-Hansen Imad Nsouli Gennady Bratslavsky Leszek Kotula In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer Research Cancers prostate cancer knockout mouse models genetically-engineered mouse models xenografts patient derived xenografts organoids |
| title | In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer Research |
| title_full | In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer Research |
| title_fullStr | In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer Research |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer Research |
| title_short | In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer Research |
| title_sort | in vivo models for prostate cancer research |
| topic | prostate cancer knockout mouse models genetically-engineered mouse models xenografts patient derived xenografts organoids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5321 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT robertadamiecki invivomodelsforprostatecancerresearch AT anitahryniewiczjankowska invivomodelsforprostatecancerresearch AT mariaaortiz invivomodelsforprostatecancerresearch AT xiangli invivomodelsforprostatecancerresearch AT bayleeaporterhansen invivomodelsforprostatecancerresearch AT imadnsouli invivomodelsforprostatecancerresearch AT gennadybratslavsky invivomodelsforprostatecancerresearch AT leszekkotula invivomodelsforprostatecancerresearch |