A New Trial to Measure ABO Antibodies Using Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity
<i>Background and objectives</i>: The ABO antibody (Ab) titration tests are used in monitoring in ABO-incompatible (ABOi) solid organ transplantation (SOT). However, currently developed ABO Ab tests show Ab binding reactions. This study attempted to measure ABO Ab level using complement-...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/6/830 |
| Summary: | <i>Background and objectives</i>: The ABO antibody (Ab) titration tests are used in monitoring in ABO-incompatible (ABOi) solid organ transplantation (SOT). However, currently developed ABO Ab tests show Ab binding reactions. This study attempted to measure ABO Ab level using complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). <i>Materials and methods</i>: We studied 93 blood group O serum samples from patients who underwent ABOi SOT from January 2019 to May 2021. Patients’ sera were incubated with A1 or B cells and added to a human complement solution. Supernatants were collected after centrifugation, and free hemoglobin (Hb) was measured by spectrophotometry. We converted plasma Hb value to hemolysis (%), which were compared with ABO Ab titer. <i>Results</i>: We found a mild correlation between hemolysis and ABO Ab titers. In simple regression analysis, the correlation coefficients were within 0.3660–0.4968 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) before transplantation. In multiple linear regression analysis, anti-A hemolysis (%) was higher in immunoglobulin M (IgM) (β = 12.9) than in immunoglobulin G (IgG) (β = −3.4) (R2 = 0.5216). Anti-B hemolysis was higher in IgM (β = 8.7) than in IgG (β = 0.0) (R2 = 0.5114). There was a large variation in hemolysis within the same Ab titer. <i>Conclusions</i>: CDC can be used in a new trial for ABO Ab measurement. Furthermore, IgM rather than IgG seems to play a significant role in vivo activity, consistent with previous knowledge. Thus, this study may help in the development of the ABO Ab titration supplement test for post-transplant treatment policy establishment and pre-transplant desensitization. |
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| ISSN: | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |