Microplastic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Metolachlor-Degrading Filamentous Fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>
While there has been intensive research on the influence of microplastics (MPs) on aquatic organisms and humans, their effect on microorganisms is relatively little-known. The present study describes the response of the <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> strain to low-density polyethylene (LDP...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/12978 |
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| author | Anna Jasińska Sylwia Różalska Volha Rusetskaya Mirosława Słaba Przemysław Bernat |
| author_facet | Anna Jasińska Sylwia Różalska Volha Rusetskaya Mirosława Słaba Przemysław Bernat |
| author_sort | Anna Jasińska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | While there has been intensive research on the influence of microplastics (MPs) on aquatic organisms and humans, their effect on microorganisms is relatively little-known. The present study describes the response of the <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> strain to low-density polyethylene (LDPE) microparticles. MPs, either separately or with metolachlor (MET), were added to the cultures. Initially, MP was not found to have a negative effect on fungal growth and MET degradation. After 72 h of cultivation, the content of fungal biomass in samples with MPs was almost three times higher than that in the cultures without MPs. Additionally, a 75% degradation of the initial MET was observed. However, due to the qualitative and quantitative changes in individual classes of phospholipids, cell membrane permeability was increased. Additionally, MPs induced the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase was also increased in response to MPs. Despite these defense mechanisms, there was enhanced lipid peroxidation in the cultures containing the LDPE microparticles. The results of the study may fill the knowledge gap on the influence of MPs on filamentous fungi. The findings will be helpful in future research on the biodegradation of contaminants coexisting with MPs in soil. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:01:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-659c2714816b4cf4b47b546681fd2720 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:01:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-659c2714816b4cf4b47b546681fd27202023-11-24T05:00:21ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-10-0123211297810.3390/ijms232112978Microplastic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Metolachlor-Degrading Filamentous Fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>Anna Jasińska0Sylwia Różalska1Volha Rusetskaya2Mirosława Słaba3Przemysław Bernat4Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, PolandWhile there has been intensive research on the influence of microplastics (MPs) on aquatic organisms and humans, their effect on microorganisms is relatively little-known. The present study describes the response of the <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> strain to low-density polyethylene (LDPE) microparticles. MPs, either separately or with metolachlor (MET), were added to the cultures. Initially, MP was not found to have a negative effect on fungal growth and MET degradation. After 72 h of cultivation, the content of fungal biomass in samples with MPs was almost three times higher than that in the cultures without MPs. Additionally, a 75% degradation of the initial MET was observed. However, due to the qualitative and quantitative changes in individual classes of phospholipids, cell membrane permeability was increased. Additionally, MPs induced the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase was also increased in response to MPs. Despite these defense mechanisms, there was enhanced lipid peroxidation in the cultures containing the LDPE microparticles. The results of the study may fill the knowledge gap on the influence of MPs on filamentous fungi. The findings will be helpful in future research on the biodegradation of contaminants coexisting with MPs in soil.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/12978microplastic<i>Trichoderma</i>metolachlorbiodegradationoxidative stressphospholipids |
| spellingShingle | Anna Jasińska Sylwia Różalska Volha Rusetskaya Mirosława Słaba Przemysław Bernat Microplastic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Metolachlor-Degrading Filamentous Fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences microplastic <i>Trichoderma</i> metolachlor biodegradation oxidative stress phospholipids |
| title | Microplastic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Metolachlor-Degrading Filamentous Fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> |
| title_full | Microplastic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Metolachlor-Degrading Filamentous Fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> |
| title_fullStr | Microplastic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Metolachlor-Degrading Filamentous Fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microplastic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Metolachlor-Degrading Filamentous Fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> |
| title_short | Microplastic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Metolachlor-Degrading Filamentous Fungus <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> |
| title_sort | microplastic induced oxidative stress in metolachlor degrading filamentous fungus i trichoderma harzianum i |
| topic | microplastic <i>Trichoderma</i> metolachlor biodegradation oxidative stress phospholipids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/12978 |
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