The Influence of Selected Fillers on the Functional Properties of Polycarbonate Dedicated to 3D Printing Applications
Additive manufacturing is still the fastest-developing technology in the modern world. Three-dimensional printing has become popular due to the method’s numerous advantages, such as its short time and low cost, compared to conventional methods such as injection molding. Therefore, the demand for new...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/5/592 |
| _version_ | 1797263948094898176 |
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| author | Katarzyna Bulanda Mariusz Oleksy Rafał Oliwa |
| author_facet | Katarzyna Bulanda Mariusz Oleksy Rafał Oliwa |
| author_sort | Katarzyna Bulanda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Additive manufacturing is still the fastest-developing technology in the modern world. Three-dimensional printing has become popular due to the method’s numerous advantages, such as its short time and low cost, compared to conventional methods such as injection molding. Therefore, the demand for new materials and material systems that will be characterized by the desired functional properties is clearly growing. As part of this work, work was carried out on the development and preparation of new polymer composites dedicated to 3D printing applications, especially in FDM/FFF/MEM technologies. The influence of the content and amount of fillers, such as silica modified with alumina (S) and bentonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt (B), on the functional properties of a commercially available fiber made of traditional plastic, such as polycarbonate, obtained in the form of a filament (PCF), was determined. It was found that the addition of B significantly increased the fluidity of the polymer, the introduction of a filler in the amount of 1.5% allowed to obtain a result that was 6% higher compared to PCF (16.8 g/10 min), while the amount of 3% was 20% higher. The obtained mass melt flow rate (MFR) results were confirmed by determining the viscosity of the produced polymer composites. Satisfactory results of mechanical properties were obtained, including the following: it was found that the introduced modified fillers increased the elasticity of the material. The introduction of modified silica resulted in a reduction in Young’s modulus by 10.02% at the content of 0.5% S and at 1% S by 8.64% compared to the polymer. The introduced modified filler S significantly increased the thermostability of polycarbonate (T<sub>5%</sub> equal to 449 °C) by 23 °C for PCF/0.5% S and 14 °C for PCF/1% S, respectively. The SEM and WAXS results confirmed the appropriate dispersion of the fillers in the polymer matrix, which indicates well-selected conditions for the homogenization process of the components and the subsequent production of samples. Detailed characterization of the influence of selected fillers on the functional properties of the polymer matrix-polycarbonate allowed for an increase in the range of polymer composites and their use in rapid prototyping technologies, as well as supplementing the literature on databases regarding the characteristics of the obtained materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:21:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-65a74e006c3d4c0aa5ddd752209ef434 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:21:07Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-65a74e006c3d4c0aa5ddd752209ef4342024-03-12T16:53:21ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602024-02-0116559210.3390/polym16050592The Influence of Selected Fillers on the Functional Properties of Polycarbonate Dedicated to 3D Printing ApplicationsKatarzyna Bulanda0Mariusz Oleksy1Rafał Oliwa2Department of Polymer Composites, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, PolandDepartment of Polymer Composites, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, PolandDepartment of Polymer Composites, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, PolandAdditive manufacturing is still the fastest-developing technology in the modern world. Three-dimensional printing has become popular due to the method’s numerous advantages, such as its short time and low cost, compared to conventional methods such as injection molding. Therefore, the demand for new materials and material systems that will be characterized by the desired functional properties is clearly growing. As part of this work, work was carried out on the development and preparation of new polymer composites dedicated to 3D printing applications, especially in FDM/FFF/MEM technologies. The influence of the content and amount of fillers, such as silica modified with alumina (S) and bentonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt (B), on the functional properties of a commercially available fiber made of traditional plastic, such as polycarbonate, obtained in the form of a filament (PCF), was determined. It was found that the addition of B significantly increased the fluidity of the polymer, the introduction of a filler in the amount of 1.5% allowed to obtain a result that was 6% higher compared to PCF (16.8 g/10 min), while the amount of 3% was 20% higher. The obtained mass melt flow rate (MFR) results were confirmed by determining the viscosity of the produced polymer composites. Satisfactory results of mechanical properties were obtained, including the following: it was found that the introduced modified fillers increased the elasticity of the material. The introduction of modified silica resulted in a reduction in Young’s modulus by 10.02% at the content of 0.5% S and at 1% S by 8.64% compared to the polymer. The introduced modified filler S significantly increased the thermostability of polycarbonate (T<sub>5%</sub> equal to 449 °C) by 23 °C for PCF/0.5% S and 14 °C for PCF/1% S, respectively. The SEM and WAXS results confirmed the appropriate dispersion of the fillers in the polymer matrix, which indicates well-selected conditions for the homogenization process of the components and the subsequent production of samples. Detailed characterization of the influence of selected fillers on the functional properties of the polymer matrix-polycarbonate allowed for an increase in the range of polymer composites and their use in rapid prototyping technologies, as well as supplementing the literature on databases regarding the characteristics of the obtained materials.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/5/592additive manufacturing3D printingMEMpolymer compositesPCfillers |
| spellingShingle | Katarzyna Bulanda Mariusz Oleksy Rafał Oliwa The Influence of Selected Fillers on the Functional Properties of Polycarbonate Dedicated to 3D Printing Applications Polymers additive manufacturing 3D printing MEM polymer composites PC fillers |
| title | The Influence of Selected Fillers on the Functional Properties of Polycarbonate Dedicated to 3D Printing Applications |
| title_full | The Influence of Selected Fillers on the Functional Properties of Polycarbonate Dedicated to 3D Printing Applications |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Selected Fillers on the Functional Properties of Polycarbonate Dedicated to 3D Printing Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Selected Fillers on the Functional Properties of Polycarbonate Dedicated to 3D Printing Applications |
| title_short | The Influence of Selected Fillers on the Functional Properties of Polycarbonate Dedicated to 3D Printing Applications |
| title_sort | influence of selected fillers on the functional properties of polycarbonate dedicated to 3d printing applications |
| topic | additive manufacturing 3D printing MEM polymer composites PC fillers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/5/592 |
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