Evaluating the Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Schemes on Pear Vegetative Growth and Quality in North China
Unreasonable fertilizer and irrigation applications and dosages in orchards in northern China result in poor vegetative growth and fruit quality. To reveal the combined effect of water and fertilizer coupling on vegetative growth and fruit quality, this study used pear as a field experiment material...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/867 |
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| author | Yanan Liu Meijian Bai Yinong Li Baozhong Zhang Xianbing Wu Yuan Shi Hairuo Liu |
| author_facet | Yanan Liu Meijian Bai Yinong Li Baozhong Zhang Xianbing Wu Yuan Shi Hairuo Liu |
| author_sort | Yanan Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Unreasonable fertilizer and irrigation applications and dosages in orchards in northern China result in poor vegetative growth and fruit quality. To reveal the combined effect of water and fertilizer coupling on vegetative growth and fruit quality, this study used pear as a field experiment material, considering: (1) irrigation lower limits (55%, 65%, 75%<i>θ</i><sub>f</sub>, <i>θ</i><sub>f</sub> is field capacity) and (2) nitrogen fertilizer application (162, 324, 486 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup>). Nine coupling schemes and a control treatment (C) were set up in the orthogonal combination. The results showed that, under the higher irrigation rate and nitrogen dose, the spring shoot length, base diameter, and leaves relative chlorophyll content values were increased by 36.77%, 31.86% and 12.91%, respectively. The response of each coupling scheme was different. However, selected water and nitrogen coupling schemes improved the fruit quality. The evaluation results indicated that medium irrigation and high fertilizer scheme were optimal. In conclusion, integrating the vegetative growth and fruit quality, it is recommended that the water and fertilizer coupling scheme for pear in the northern China is as follows: a lower irrigation limit of 65%<i>θ</i><sub>f</sub> and a nitrogen fertilizer amount of 486.00 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:02:31Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:02:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-65a8d7a17cbf4501b4040f803ecaf85f2023-11-17T09:07:23ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-03-0113386710.3390/agronomy13030867Evaluating the Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Schemes on Pear Vegetative Growth and Quality in North ChinaYanan Liu0Meijian Bai1Yinong Li2Baozhong Zhang3Xianbing Wu4Yuan Shi5Hairuo Liu6State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaCollege of Urban and Rural Construction, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaChina International Engineering Consulting Corporation Ltd., Beijing 100048, ChinaUnreasonable fertilizer and irrigation applications and dosages in orchards in northern China result in poor vegetative growth and fruit quality. To reveal the combined effect of water and fertilizer coupling on vegetative growth and fruit quality, this study used pear as a field experiment material, considering: (1) irrigation lower limits (55%, 65%, 75%<i>θ</i><sub>f</sub>, <i>θ</i><sub>f</sub> is field capacity) and (2) nitrogen fertilizer application (162, 324, 486 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup>). Nine coupling schemes and a control treatment (C) were set up in the orthogonal combination. The results showed that, under the higher irrigation rate and nitrogen dose, the spring shoot length, base diameter, and leaves relative chlorophyll content values were increased by 36.77%, 31.86% and 12.91%, respectively. The response of each coupling scheme was different. However, selected water and nitrogen coupling schemes improved the fruit quality. The evaluation results indicated that medium irrigation and high fertilizer scheme were optimal. In conclusion, integrating the vegetative growth and fruit quality, it is recommended that the water and fertilizer coupling scheme for pear in the northern China is as follows: a lower irrigation limit of 65%<i>θ</i><sub>f</sub> and a nitrogen fertilizer amount of 486.00 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/867golden pear treedrip irrigationwater and fertilizer coupling schemesvegetative growthfruit qualitycomprehensive evaluate |
| spellingShingle | Yanan Liu Meijian Bai Yinong Li Baozhong Zhang Xianbing Wu Yuan Shi Hairuo Liu Evaluating the Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Schemes on Pear Vegetative Growth and Quality in North China Agronomy golden pear tree drip irrigation water and fertilizer coupling schemes vegetative growth fruit quality comprehensive evaluate |
| title | Evaluating the Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Schemes on Pear Vegetative Growth and Quality in North China |
| title_full | Evaluating the Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Schemes on Pear Vegetative Growth and Quality in North China |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Schemes on Pear Vegetative Growth and Quality in North China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Schemes on Pear Vegetative Growth and Quality in North China |
| title_short | Evaluating the Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Schemes on Pear Vegetative Growth and Quality in North China |
| title_sort | evaluating the combined effects of water and fertilizer coupling schemes on pear vegetative growth and quality in north china |
| topic | golden pear tree drip irrigation water and fertilizer coupling schemes vegetative growth fruit quality comprehensive evaluate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/867 |
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