Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breeds
Abstract Directional selection alters the genome via hard sweeps, soft sweeps, and polygenic selection. However, mapping polygenic selection is difficult because it does not leave clear signatures on the genome like a selective sweep. In populations with temporally stratified genotypes, the Generati...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13666 |
| _version_ | 1797294401203994624 |
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| author | Troy N. Rowan Robert D. Schnabel Jared E. Decker |
| author_facet | Troy N. Rowan Robert D. Schnabel Jared E. Decker |
| author_sort | Troy N. Rowan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Directional selection alters the genome via hard sweeps, soft sweeps, and polygenic selection. However, mapping polygenic selection is difficult because it does not leave clear signatures on the genome like a selective sweep. In populations with temporally stratified genotypes, the Generation Proxy Selection Mapping (GPSM) method identifies variants associated with generation number (or appropriate proxy) and thus variants undergoing directional allele frequency changes. Here, we use GPSM on two large datasets of beef cattle to detect associations between an animal's generation and 11 million imputed SNPs. Using these datasets with high power and dense mapping resolution, GPSM detected a total of 294 unique loci actively under selection in two cattle breeds. We observed that GPSM has a high power to detect selection in the very recent past (<10 years), even when allele frequency changes are small. Variants identified by GPSM reside in genomic regions associated with known breed‐specific selection objectives, such as fertility and maternal ability in Red Angus, and carcass merit and coat color in Simmental. Over 60% of the selected loci reside in or near (<50 kb) annotated genes. Using haplotype‐based and composite selective sweep statistics, we identify hundreds of putative selective sweeps that likely occurred earlier in the evolution of these breeds; however, these sweeps have little overlap with recent polygenic selection. This makes GPSM a complementary approach to sweep detection methods when temporal genotype data are available. The selected loci that we identify across methods demonstrate the complex architecture of selection in domesticated cattle. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:29:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-65b37ff23f624331b04a80a5522c55ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:29:43Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-65b37ff23f624331b04a80a5522c55ec2024-02-27T00:12:39ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712024-02-01172n/an/a10.1111/eva.13666Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breedsTroy N. Rowan0Robert D. Schnabel1Jared E. Decker2Division of Animal Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USADivision of Animal Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USADivision of Animal Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USAAbstract Directional selection alters the genome via hard sweeps, soft sweeps, and polygenic selection. However, mapping polygenic selection is difficult because it does not leave clear signatures on the genome like a selective sweep. In populations with temporally stratified genotypes, the Generation Proxy Selection Mapping (GPSM) method identifies variants associated with generation number (or appropriate proxy) and thus variants undergoing directional allele frequency changes. Here, we use GPSM on two large datasets of beef cattle to detect associations between an animal's generation and 11 million imputed SNPs. Using these datasets with high power and dense mapping resolution, GPSM detected a total of 294 unique loci actively under selection in two cattle breeds. We observed that GPSM has a high power to detect selection in the very recent past (<10 years), even when allele frequency changes are small. Variants identified by GPSM reside in genomic regions associated with known breed‐specific selection objectives, such as fertility and maternal ability in Red Angus, and carcass merit and coat color in Simmental. Over 60% of the selected loci reside in or near (<50 kb) annotated genes. Using haplotype‐based and composite selective sweep statistics, we identify hundreds of putative selective sweeps that likely occurred earlier in the evolution of these breeds; however, these sweeps have little overlap with recent polygenic selection. This makes GPSM a complementary approach to sweep detection methods when temporal genotype data are available. The selected loci that we identify across methods demonstrate the complex architecture of selection in domesticated cattle.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13666cattlepolygenic selectionselection mappingsweeps |
| spellingShingle | Troy N. Rowan Robert D. Schnabel Jared E. Decker Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breeds Evolutionary Applications cattle polygenic selection selection mapping sweeps |
| title | Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breeds |
| title_full | Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breeds |
| title_fullStr | Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breeds |
| title_short | Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breeds |
| title_sort | uncovering the architecture of selection in two bos taurus cattle breeds |
| topic | cattle polygenic selection selection mapping sweeps |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13666 |
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