An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy
Aflatoxins (AFs) remain the main concern for the agricultural and dairy industries due to their effects on the performances and quality of livestock production. Aflatoxins are always unavoidable and should be monitored. The objective of this paper is to bring to light a significant volume of data on...
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| Materyal Türü: | Makale |
| Dil: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Seri Bilgileri: | Toxins |
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| Online Erişim: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/11/763 |
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| author | Luca Ferrari Francesca Fumagalli Nicoletta Rizzi Elisa Grandi Serena Vailati Michele Manoni Matteo Ottoboni Federica Cheli Luciano Pinotti |
| author_facet | Luca Ferrari Francesca Fumagalli Nicoletta Rizzi Elisa Grandi Serena Vailati Michele Manoni Matteo Ottoboni Federica Cheli Luciano Pinotti |
| author_sort | Luca Ferrari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aflatoxins (AFs) remain the main concern for the agricultural and dairy industries due to their effects on the performances and quality of livestock production. Aflatoxins are always unavoidable and should be monitored. The objective of this paper is to bring to light a significant volume of data on AF contamination in several animal feed ingredients in Northern Italy. The Regional Breeders Association of Lombardy has been conducting a survey program to monitor mycotoxin contamination in animal feeds, and in this paper, we present data relating to AFB1 contamination. In most cases (95%), the concentrations were low enough to ensure compliance with the European Union’s (EU’s) maximum admitted levels for animal feed ingredients. However, the data show a high variability in AF contamination between different matrices and, within the same matrix, a high variability year over year. High levels of AFs were detected in maize and cotton, especially in the central part of the second decade of this century, i.e., 2015–2018, which has shown a higher risk of AF contamination in feed materials in Northern Italy. Variability due to climate change and the international commodity market affect future prospects to predict the presence of AFs. Supplier monitoring and control and reduced buying of contaminated raw materials, as well as performing analyses of each batch, help reduce AF spread. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:35:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-65b4a672f70f464aa1176fbae89c3b7c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:35:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-65b4a672f70f464aa1176fbae89c3b7c2023-11-24T07:10:50ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512022-11-01141176310.3390/toxins14110763An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern ItalyLuca Ferrari0Francesca Fumagalli1Nicoletta Rizzi2Elisa Grandi3Serena Vailati4Michele Manoni5Matteo Ottoboni6Federica Cheli7Luciano Pinotti8Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’ Università, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’ Università, 26900 Lodi, ItalyAssociazione Regionale Allevatori della Lombardia (ARAL), Via Kennedy, 26013 Crema, ItalyAssociazione Regionale Allevatori della Lombardia (ARAL), Via Kennedy, 26013 Crema, ItalyAssociazione Regionale Allevatori della Lombardia (ARAL), Via Kennedy, 26013 Crema, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’ Università, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’ Università, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’ Università, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’ Università, 26900 Lodi, ItalyAflatoxins (AFs) remain the main concern for the agricultural and dairy industries due to their effects on the performances and quality of livestock production. Aflatoxins are always unavoidable and should be monitored. The objective of this paper is to bring to light a significant volume of data on AF contamination in several animal feed ingredients in Northern Italy. The Regional Breeders Association of Lombardy has been conducting a survey program to monitor mycotoxin contamination in animal feeds, and in this paper, we present data relating to AFB1 contamination. In most cases (95%), the concentrations were low enough to ensure compliance with the European Union’s (EU’s) maximum admitted levels for animal feed ingredients. However, the data show a high variability in AF contamination between different matrices and, within the same matrix, a high variability year over year. High levels of AFs were detected in maize and cotton, especially in the central part of the second decade of this century, i.e., 2015–2018, which has shown a higher risk of AF contamination in feed materials in Northern Italy. Variability due to climate change and the international commodity market affect future prospects to predict the presence of AFs. Supplier monitoring and control and reduced buying of contaminated raw materials, as well as performing analyses of each batch, help reduce AF spread.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/11/763aflatoxinsAFB1mycotoxinsanimal feedmaizemonitoring program |
| spellingShingle | Luca Ferrari Francesca Fumagalli Nicoletta Rizzi Elisa Grandi Serena Vailati Michele Manoni Matteo Ottoboni Federica Cheli Luciano Pinotti An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy Toxins aflatoxins AFB1 mycotoxins animal feed maize monitoring program |
| title | An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy |
| title_full | An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy |
| title_fullStr | An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy |
| title_short | An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy |
| title_sort | eight year survey on aflatoxin b1 indicates high feed safety in animal feed and forages in northern italy |
| topic | aflatoxins AFB1 mycotoxins animal feed maize monitoring program |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/11/763 |
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