EGCG Mediated Targeting of Deregulated Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs in Different Cancers: Focus on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, TGF/SMAD, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, and TRAIL Mediated Signaling Pathways
Decades of research have enabled us to develop a better and sharper understanding of multifaceted nature of cancer. Next-generation sequencing technologies have leveraged our existing knowledge related to intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity to the next level. Functional genomics have opened new hor...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/951 |
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| author | Ammad Ahmad Farooqi Marina Pinheiro Andreia Granja Fulvia Farabegoli Salette Reis Rukset Attar Uteuliyev Yerzhan Sabitaliyevich Baojun Xu Aamir Ahmad |
| author_facet | Ammad Ahmad Farooqi Marina Pinheiro Andreia Granja Fulvia Farabegoli Salette Reis Rukset Attar Uteuliyev Yerzhan Sabitaliyevich Baojun Xu Aamir Ahmad |
| author_sort | Ammad Ahmad Farooqi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Decades of research have enabled us to develop a better and sharper understanding of multifaceted nature of cancer. Next-generation sequencing technologies have leveraged our existing knowledge related to intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity to the next level. Functional genomics have opened new horizons to explore deregulated signaling pathways in different cancers. Therapeutic targeting of deregulated oncogenic signaling cascades by products obtained from natural sources has shown promising results. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has emerged as a distinguished chemopreventive product because of its ability to regulate a myriad of oncogenic signaling pathways. Based on its scientifically approved anticancer activity and encouraging results obtained from preclinical trials, it is also being tested in various phases of clinical trials. A series of clinical trials associated with green tea extracts and EGCG are providing clues about significant potential of EGCG to mechanistically modulate wide ranging signal transduction cascades. In this review, we comprehensively analyzed regulation of JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF/SMAD, SHH/GLI, NOTCH pathways by EGCG. We also discussed most recent evidence related to the ability of EGCG to modulate non-coding RNAs in different cancers. Methylation of the genome is also a widely studied mechanism and EGCG has been shown to modulate DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and protein enhancer of zeste-2 (EZH2) in multiple cancers. Moreover, the use of nanoformulations to increase the bioavailability and thus efficacy of EGCG will be also addressed. Better understanding of the pleiotropic abilities of EGCG to modulate intracellular pathways along with the development of effective EGCG delivery vehicles will be helpful in getting a step closer to individualized medicines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:30:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-65d6fbe91201426f978d10d1b59c17de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:30:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-65d6fbe91201426f978d10d1b59c17de2023-11-19T21:23:54ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-04-0112495110.3390/cancers12040951EGCG Mediated Targeting of Deregulated Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs in Different Cancers: Focus on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, TGF/SMAD, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, and TRAIL Mediated Signaling PathwaysAmmad Ahmad Farooqi0Marina Pinheiro1Andreia Granja2Fulvia Farabegoli3Salette Reis4Rukset Attar5Uteuliyev Yerzhan Sabitaliyevich6Baojun Xu7Aamir Ahmad8Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 54000, PakistanLAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalLAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalDepartment of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyLAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeditepe University, Ataşehir/İstanbul 34755, TurkeyDepartment of Health Policy and Health Care Development, Kazakh Medical University of Continuing Education, Almaty 050004, KazakhstanFood Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, ChinaDepartment of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USADecades of research have enabled us to develop a better and sharper understanding of multifaceted nature of cancer. Next-generation sequencing technologies have leveraged our existing knowledge related to intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity to the next level. Functional genomics have opened new horizons to explore deregulated signaling pathways in different cancers. Therapeutic targeting of deregulated oncogenic signaling cascades by products obtained from natural sources has shown promising results. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has emerged as a distinguished chemopreventive product because of its ability to regulate a myriad of oncogenic signaling pathways. Based on its scientifically approved anticancer activity and encouraging results obtained from preclinical trials, it is also being tested in various phases of clinical trials. A series of clinical trials associated with green tea extracts and EGCG are providing clues about significant potential of EGCG to mechanistically modulate wide ranging signal transduction cascades. In this review, we comprehensively analyzed regulation of JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF/SMAD, SHH/GLI, NOTCH pathways by EGCG. We also discussed most recent evidence related to the ability of EGCG to modulate non-coding RNAs in different cancers. Methylation of the genome is also a widely studied mechanism and EGCG has been shown to modulate DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and protein enhancer of zeste-2 (EZH2) in multiple cancers. Moreover, the use of nanoformulations to increase the bioavailability and thus efficacy of EGCG will be also addressed. Better understanding of the pleiotropic abilities of EGCG to modulate intracellular pathways along with the development of effective EGCG delivery vehicles will be helpful in getting a step closer to individualized medicines.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/951EGCGsignaling pathwaysnon-coding RNAsanti-cancer drug |
| spellingShingle | Ammad Ahmad Farooqi Marina Pinheiro Andreia Granja Fulvia Farabegoli Salette Reis Rukset Attar Uteuliyev Yerzhan Sabitaliyevich Baojun Xu Aamir Ahmad EGCG Mediated Targeting of Deregulated Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs in Different Cancers: Focus on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, TGF/SMAD, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, and TRAIL Mediated Signaling Pathways Cancers EGCG signaling pathways non-coding RNAs anti-cancer drug |
| title | EGCG Mediated Targeting of Deregulated Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs in Different Cancers: Focus on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, TGF/SMAD, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, and TRAIL Mediated Signaling Pathways |
| title_full | EGCG Mediated Targeting of Deregulated Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs in Different Cancers: Focus on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, TGF/SMAD, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, and TRAIL Mediated Signaling Pathways |
| title_fullStr | EGCG Mediated Targeting of Deregulated Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs in Different Cancers: Focus on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, TGF/SMAD, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, and TRAIL Mediated Signaling Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | EGCG Mediated Targeting of Deregulated Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs in Different Cancers: Focus on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, TGF/SMAD, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, and TRAIL Mediated Signaling Pathways |
| title_short | EGCG Mediated Targeting of Deregulated Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs in Different Cancers: Focus on JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-Catenin, TGF/SMAD, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, and TRAIL Mediated Signaling Pathways |
| title_sort | egcg mediated targeting of deregulated signaling pathways and non coding rnas in different cancers focus on jak stat wnt β catenin tgf smad notch shh gli and trail mediated signaling pathways |
| topic | EGCG signaling pathways non-coding RNAs anti-cancer drug |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/951 |
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