Microstructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Review
Ferritic–martensitic dual-phase (DP) steels are prominent and advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) broadly employed in automotive industries. Hence, extensive study is conducted regarding the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of DP steels due to the high importance of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/1/101 |
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| author | Farzad Badkoobeh Hossein Mostaan Mahdi Rafiei Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad Filippo Berto |
| author_facet | Farzad Badkoobeh Hossein Mostaan Mahdi Rafiei Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad Filippo Berto |
| author_sort | Farzad Badkoobeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ferritic–martensitic dual-phase (DP) steels are prominent and advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) broadly employed in automotive industries. Hence, extensive study is conducted regarding the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of DP steels due to the high importance of DP steels in these industries. In this respect, this paper was aimed at reviewing the microstructural characteristics and strengthening mechanisms of DP steels. This review article represents that the main microstructural characteristics of DP steels include the ferrite grain size (FGS), martensite volume fraction (MVF), and martensite morphology (MM), which play a key role in the strengthening mechanisms and mechanical properties. In other words, these can act as strengthening factors, which were separately considered in this paper. Thus, the properties of DP steels are intensely governed by focusing on these characteristics (i.e., FGS, MVF, and MM). This review article addressed the improvement techniques of strengthening mechanisms and the effects of hardening factors on mechanical properties. The relevant techniques were also made up of several processing routes, e.g., thermal cycling, cold rolling, hot rolling, etc., that could make a great strength–ductility balance. Lastly, this review paper could provide substantial assistance to researchers and automotive engineers for DP steel manufacturing with excellent properties. Hence, researchers and automotive engineers are also able to design automobiles using DP steels that possess the lowest fuel consumption and prevent accidents that result from premature mechanical failures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:56:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-65eb017079e54babad55b0f744d0c2b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:56:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-65eb017079e54babad55b0f744d0c2b02023-11-23T14:42:20ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-01-0112110110.3390/met12010101Microstructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A ReviewFarzad Badkoobeh0Hossein Mostaan1Mahdi Rafiei2Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad3Filippo Berto4School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, IranAdvanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, IranAdvanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, IranDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, NorwayFerritic–martensitic dual-phase (DP) steels are prominent and advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) broadly employed in automotive industries. Hence, extensive study is conducted regarding the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of DP steels due to the high importance of DP steels in these industries. In this respect, this paper was aimed at reviewing the microstructural characteristics and strengthening mechanisms of DP steels. This review article represents that the main microstructural characteristics of DP steels include the ferrite grain size (FGS), martensite volume fraction (MVF), and martensite morphology (MM), which play a key role in the strengthening mechanisms and mechanical properties. In other words, these can act as strengthening factors, which were separately considered in this paper. Thus, the properties of DP steels are intensely governed by focusing on these characteristics (i.e., FGS, MVF, and MM). This review article addressed the improvement techniques of strengthening mechanisms and the effects of hardening factors on mechanical properties. The relevant techniques were also made up of several processing routes, e.g., thermal cycling, cold rolling, hot rolling, etc., that could make a great strength–ductility balance. Lastly, this review paper could provide substantial assistance to researchers and automotive engineers for DP steel manufacturing with excellent properties. Hence, researchers and automotive engineers are also able to design automobiles using DP steels that possess the lowest fuel consumption and prevent accidents that result from premature mechanical failures.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/1/101advanced high strength steelsdual-phase steelsmicrostructurestrengthening mechanismsmechanical propertiesstrength–ductility balance |
| spellingShingle | Farzad Badkoobeh Hossein Mostaan Mahdi Rafiei Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad Filippo Berto Microstructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Review Metals advanced high strength steels dual-phase steels microstructure strengthening mechanisms mechanical properties strength–ductility balance |
| title | Microstructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Review |
| title_full | Microstructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Microstructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Review |
| title_short | Microstructural Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Ferritic–Martensitic Dual-Phase Steels: A Review |
| title_sort | microstructural characteristics and strengthening mechanisms of ferritic martensitic dual phase steels a review |
| topic | advanced high strength steels dual-phase steels microstructure strengthening mechanisms mechanical properties strength–ductility balance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/1/101 |
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