Differences in the Growth and the Ecophysiology of Newly Bred, Drought-Tolerant Black Locust Clones
In this study, the growth and physiological performance of four newly bred black locust (<i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L.) clones (‘NK1’, ‘NK2’, ‘PL040’, ‘PL251’) together with one registered in Hungary (‘Üllői’) were monitored and compared in a field experiment located in the dry temperat...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/9/1802 |
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| author | Tamás Ábri Attila Borovics József Csajbók Elza Kovács András Koltay Zsolt Keserű Károly Rédei |
| author_facet | Tamás Ábri Attila Borovics József Csajbók Elza Kovács András Koltay Zsolt Keserű Károly Rédei |
| author_sort | Tamás Ábri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the growth and physiological performance of four newly bred black locust (<i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L.) clones (‘NK1’, ‘NK2’, ‘PL040’, ‘PL251’) together with one registered in Hungary (‘Üllői’) were monitored and compared in a field experiment located in the dry temperate climatic zone of Eastern Central Europe. Tree height and diameter at breast height were measured monthly during May–August 2022, an extremely dry period. Ecophysiological parameters such as leaf temperature, vapor pressure deficit, intercellular carbon dioxide level, transpiration and assimilation rates, and stomatal conductance to water and CO<sub>2</sub> were measured in situ. There was a high clonal effect on survival rate and growth of the trees and on the physiological parameters. ‘NK1’ performed best regarding height (1.88 m), while ‘PL040’ (23.76 mm) had the highest diameter increment (<i>n</i> = 16–26). The highest carboxylation efficiency was found in ‘NK2’ (0.077 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>), while the lowest was in ‘NK1’ (0.035 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>), not showing a significant difference from the ‘Üllői’. Water-use efficiency values were found to be the highest in ‘NK2’ and ‘Üllői’ (4.92 and 4.78 kg m<sup>−3</sup>, respectively). C<sub>i</sub> was found to be maximum in ‘NK1’ and ‘PL040’ (286.15 and 287.37 µmol mol<sup>−1</sup>, respectively), while it was minimum in ‘Üllői’ (248.30 µmol mol<sup>−1</sup>). Physiological parameters were found to be significantly different in the clones due to their genetic differences. A strong positive correlation was found between the transpiration and the assimilation rates (r = 0.843–0.994). Within the growing period, the loss of leaves due to abiotic stress was 0 for ‘NK1’ and negligible for the others. ‘NK2’ stood out among the other clones in most of the parameters tested (height, thickness, assimilation, WUE). In addition to its high photosynthetic intensity, its water-use efficiency was also high. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:45:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-66021cc43b9d49bc963262668d3e77c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:45:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-66021cc43b9d49bc963262668d3e77c92023-11-19T10:46:11ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-09-01149180210.3390/f14091802Differences in the Growth and the Ecophysiology of Newly Bred, Drought-Tolerant Black Locust ClonesTamás Ábri0Attila Borovics1József Csajbók2Elza Kovács3András Koltay4Zsolt Keserű5Károly Rédei6Department of Plantation Forestry, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, Farkassziget 3, H-4150 Püspökladány, HungaryDepartment of Forest Tree Breeding, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, Várkerület 30/A, H-9600 Sárvár, HungaryFaculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi 138, H-4032 Debrecen, HungaryFaculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi 138, H-4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Forest Protection, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, Hegyalja 18, H-3232 Mátrafüred, HungaryDepartment of Plantation Forestry, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, Farkassziget 3, H-4150 Püspökladány, HungaryFaculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi 138, H-4032 Debrecen, HungaryIn this study, the growth and physiological performance of four newly bred black locust (<i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L.) clones (‘NK1’, ‘NK2’, ‘PL040’, ‘PL251’) together with one registered in Hungary (‘Üllői’) were monitored and compared in a field experiment located in the dry temperate climatic zone of Eastern Central Europe. Tree height and diameter at breast height were measured monthly during May–August 2022, an extremely dry period. Ecophysiological parameters such as leaf temperature, vapor pressure deficit, intercellular carbon dioxide level, transpiration and assimilation rates, and stomatal conductance to water and CO<sub>2</sub> were measured in situ. There was a high clonal effect on survival rate and growth of the trees and on the physiological parameters. ‘NK1’ performed best regarding height (1.88 m), while ‘PL040’ (23.76 mm) had the highest diameter increment (<i>n</i> = 16–26). The highest carboxylation efficiency was found in ‘NK2’ (0.077 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>), while the lowest was in ‘NK1’ (0.035 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>), not showing a significant difference from the ‘Üllői’. Water-use efficiency values were found to be the highest in ‘NK2’ and ‘Üllői’ (4.92 and 4.78 kg m<sup>−3</sup>, respectively). C<sub>i</sub> was found to be maximum in ‘NK1’ and ‘PL040’ (286.15 and 287.37 µmol mol<sup>−1</sup>, respectively), while it was minimum in ‘Üllői’ (248.30 µmol mol<sup>−1</sup>). Physiological parameters were found to be significantly different in the clones due to their genetic differences. A strong positive correlation was found between the transpiration and the assimilation rates (r = 0.843–0.994). Within the growing period, the loss of leaves due to abiotic stress was 0 for ‘NK1’ and negligible for the others. ‘NK2’ stood out among the other clones in most of the parameters tested (height, thickness, assimilation, WUE). In addition to its high photosynthetic intensity, its water-use efficiency was also high.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/9/1802forestationmarginal landswarm temperate dry climate |
| spellingShingle | Tamás Ábri Attila Borovics József Csajbók Elza Kovács András Koltay Zsolt Keserű Károly Rédei Differences in the Growth and the Ecophysiology of Newly Bred, Drought-Tolerant Black Locust Clones Forests forestation marginal lands warm temperate dry climate |
| title | Differences in the Growth and the Ecophysiology of Newly Bred, Drought-Tolerant Black Locust Clones |
| title_full | Differences in the Growth and the Ecophysiology of Newly Bred, Drought-Tolerant Black Locust Clones |
| title_fullStr | Differences in the Growth and the Ecophysiology of Newly Bred, Drought-Tolerant Black Locust Clones |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differences in the Growth and the Ecophysiology of Newly Bred, Drought-Tolerant Black Locust Clones |
| title_short | Differences in the Growth and the Ecophysiology of Newly Bred, Drought-Tolerant Black Locust Clones |
| title_sort | differences in the growth and the ecophysiology of newly bred drought tolerant black locust clones |
| topic | forestation marginal lands warm temperate dry climate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/9/1802 |
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