Objective Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication by Analyzing Movements Using a Smart Chair with Piezoelectric Material
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in schoolchildren. Several methods are available to evaluate ADHD therapeutic effects, including the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP) questionnaire, the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale, and the visu...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/12/5478 |
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| author | Rei-Cheng Yang Rong-Ching Wu Ching-Tai Chiang Yi-Hung Chiu Chen-Sen Ouyang Ying-Tong Lin Lung-Chang Lin |
| author_facet | Rei-Cheng Yang Rong-Ching Wu Ching-Tai Chiang Yi-Hung Chiu Chen-Sen Ouyang Ying-Tong Lin Lung-Chang Lin |
| author_sort | Rei-Cheng Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in schoolchildren. Several methods are available to evaluate ADHD therapeutic effects, including the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP) questionnaire, the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale, and the visual analog scale. However, these scales are subjective. In this study, a piezoelectric material was applied to a medical chair to objectively evaluate the therapeutic effect of ADHD medication before and after treatment. A total of 22 patients (18 boys and 4 girls) with ADHD were enrolled. During the appointment, the patients’ movements were recorded by the piezoelectric material before being analyzed. The variance, zero-crossing rate, and high energy rate of movements were used to analyze the signal in this study. The results showed the variance, zero-crossing rate, and high energy rate in patients with ADHD all decreased significantly after 1 month of methylphenidate use. Although the hyperactivity subscales of SNAP obtained from parents and teachers demonstrated significant decreases after 1 month of medication, the reduction rate of the three aforementioned measurements decreased more than hyperactivity subscales. This suggests that the use of a smart chair equipped with a piezoelectric material is an objective and useful method for evaluating the therapeutic effects of ADHD medication. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:27:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6603cb3f237b45c796690996fc09c93d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:27:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6603cb3f237b45c796690996fc09c93d2023-11-21T23:55:44ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-06-011112547810.3390/app11125478Objective Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication by Analyzing Movements Using a Smart Chair with Piezoelectric MaterialRei-Cheng Yang0Rong-Ching Wu1Ching-Tai Chiang2Yi-Hung Chiu3Chen-Sen Ouyang4Ying-Tong Lin5Lung-Chang Lin6Departments of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80756, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 84001, TaiwanDepartment of Computer and Communication, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 900392, TaiwanDepartment of Information Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 84001, TaiwanDepartment of Information Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 84001, TaiwanSt. Dominic Catholic High School, Kaohsiung City 80288, TaiwanDepartments of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80756, TaiwanAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in schoolchildren. Several methods are available to evaluate ADHD therapeutic effects, including the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP) questionnaire, the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale, and the visual analog scale. However, these scales are subjective. In this study, a piezoelectric material was applied to a medical chair to objectively evaluate the therapeutic effect of ADHD medication before and after treatment. A total of 22 patients (18 boys and 4 girls) with ADHD were enrolled. During the appointment, the patients’ movements were recorded by the piezoelectric material before being analyzed. The variance, zero-crossing rate, and high energy rate of movements were used to analyze the signal in this study. The results showed the variance, zero-crossing rate, and high energy rate in patients with ADHD all decreased significantly after 1 month of methylphenidate use. Although the hyperactivity subscales of SNAP obtained from parents and teachers demonstrated significant decreases after 1 month of medication, the reduction rate of the three aforementioned measurements decreased more than hyperactivity subscales. This suggests that the use of a smart chair equipped with a piezoelectric material is an objective and useful method for evaluating the therapeutic effects of ADHD medication.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/12/5478attention-deficit hyperactivity disorderpiezoelectric materialvariancezero-crossing ratehigh energy ratesmart chair |
| spellingShingle | Rei-Cheng Yang Rong-Ching Wu Ching-Tai Chiang Yi-Hung Chiu Chen-Sen Ouyang Ying-Tong Lin Lung-Chang Lin Objective Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication by Analyzing Movements Using a Smart Chair with Piezoelectric Material Applied Sciences attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder piezoelectric material variance zero-crossing rate high energy rate smart chair |
| title | Objective Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication by Analyzing Movements Using a Smart Chair with Piezoelectric Material |
| title_full | Objective Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication by Analyzing Movements Using a Smart Chair with Piezoelectric Material |
| title_fullStr | Objective Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication by Analyzing Movements Using a Smart Chair with Piezoelectric Material |
| title_full_unstemmed | Objective Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication by Analyzing Movements Using a Smart Chair with Piezoelectric Material |
| title_short | Objective Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication by Analyzing Movements Using a Smart Chair with Piezoelectric Material |
| title_sort | objective evaluation of therapeutic effects of adhd medication by analyzing movements using a smart chair with piezoelectric material |
| topic | attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder piezoelectric material variance zero-crossing rate high energy rate smart chair |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/12/5478 |
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