Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung Function
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by immune system dysregulation with frequent extraintestinal manifestations, including airway involvement. A reduction in CO diffusing capacity and functional alterations in small airways have been described. An extended analysis of fractional exhaled nitric...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/354 |
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| author | Beatrice Ragnoli Tiziana Cena Patrizia Pochetti Patrizia Pignatti Mario Malerba |
| author_facet | Beatrice Ragnoli Tiziana Cena Patrizia Pochetti Patrizia Pignatti Mario Malerba |
| author_sort | Beatrice Ragnoli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by immune system dysregulation with frequent extraintestinal manifestations, including airway involvement. A reduction in CO diffusing capacity and functional alterations in small airways have been described. An extended analysis of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) may distinguish the sites of production, and the presence of small airway inflammation may be a useful, non-invasive marker for patient follow-up. The aim of our study was to compare the PFTs as well as FeNO and CANO values of UC patients with different clinical disease activities and healthy subjects to reveal lung function abnormalities and the presence of subclinical airway inflammation. We enrolled 42 adult outpatients at different clinical activity stages of UC (39 ± 13 years) and a healthy control group of 41 subjects (29 ± 3 years). C-reactive protein (CRP) and FeNO values at different flows (50,100, and 200 mL/s) were collected. All patients performed pulmonary function tests (PFTs) with static volumes and diffusing capacity (DLCO). FeNO and CANO values were significantly increased in UC patients when compared with controls (<i>p</i> = 0.0008 and <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively) and were proportional to disease activity (FeNO class 3: 28.1 ppb vs. classes 1–2: 7.7 ppb; CANO values class 3: 8.6 ppb vs. classes 1–2: 2.7 ppb (<i>p</i> < 0.0001)). TLC and DLCO were significantly reduced in severe (Mayo 3) UC patients (<i>p</i> = 0.010 and <i>p</i> = 0.003, respectively). The results of this study show significant lung functional abnormalities in UC patients and suggest the presence of airway inflammation directly correlated with disease activity, suggesting the need for an integrated approach in routine assessment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:51:55Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:51:55Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-6610b2a5021243c7b8d8a930517035822024-01-29T14:01:04ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832024-01-0113235410.3390/jcm13020354Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung FunctionBeatrice Ragnoli0Tiziana Cena1Patrizia Pochetti2Patrizia Pignatti3Mario Malerba4Respiratory Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyEpidemiological Observatory Service, ASL VC, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyRespiratory Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyAllergy and Immunology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyRespiratory Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyUlcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by immune system dysregulation with frequent extraintestinal manifestations, including airway involvement. A reduction in CO diffusing capacity and functional alterations in small airways have been described. An extended analysis of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) may distinguish the sites of production, and the presence of small airway inflammation may be a useful, non-invasive marker for patient follow-up. The aim of our study was to compare the PFTs as well as FeNO and CANO values of UC patients with different clinical disease activities and healthy subjects to reveal lung function abnormalities and the presence of subclinical airway inflammation. We enrolled 42 adult outpatients at different clinical activity stages of UC (39 ± 13 years) and a healthy control group of 41 subjects (29 ± 3 years). C-reactive protein (CRP) and FeNO values at different flows (50,100, and 200 mL/s) were collected. All patients performed pulmonary function tests (PFTs) with static volumes and diffusing capacity (DLCO). FeNO and CANO values were significantly increased in UC patients when compared with controls (<i>p</i> = 0.0008 and <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively) and were proportional to disease activity (FeNO class 3: 28.1 ppb vs. classes 1–2: 7.7 ppb; CANO values class 3: 8.6 ppb vs. classes 1–2: 2.7 ppb (<i>p</i> < 0.0001)). TLC and DLCO were significantly reduced in severe (Mayo 3) UC patients (<i>p</i> = 0.010 and <i>p</i> = 0.003, respectively). The results of this study show significant lung functional abnormalities in UC patients and suggest the presence of airway inflammation directly correlated with disease activity, suggesting the need for an integrated approach in routine assessment.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/354ulcerative colitisextended NO analysislung function testsdiffusing capacityclinical disease activity |
| spellingShingle | Beatrice Ragnoli Tiziana Cena Patrizia Pochetti Patrizia Pignatti Mario Malerba Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung Function Journal of Clinical Medicine ulcerative colitis extended NO analysis lung function tests diffusing capacity clinical disease activity |
| title | Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung Function |
| title_full | Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung Function |
| title_fullStr | Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung Function |
| title_short | Lung Involvement in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Relationship between Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Lung Function |
| title_sort | lung involvement in patients with ulcerative colitis relationship between exhaled nitric oxide and lung function |
| topic | ulcerative colitis extended NO analysis lung function tests diffusing capacity clinical disease activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/354 |
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