Development of the Centrifugal Blood Pump for a Hybrid Continuous Flow Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Model, Make, Measure
Clinically-available blood pumps and total artificial hearts for pediatric patients continue to lag well behind those developed for adults. We are developing a hybrid, continuous-flow, magnetically levitated, pediatric total artificial heart (TAH). The hybrid TAH design integrates both an axial and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.886874/full |
| _version_ | 1811221533158277120 |
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| author | Carson S. Fox Thomas Palazzolo Matthew Hirschhorn Randy M. Stevens Joseph Rossano Steven W. Day Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili Amy L. Throckmorton |
| author_facet | Carson S. Fox Thomas Palazzolo Matthew Hirschhorn Randy M. Stevens Joseph Rossano Steven W. Day Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili Amy L. Throckmorton |
| author_sort | Carson S. Fox |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Clinically-available blood pumps and total artificial hearts for pediatric patients continue to lag well behind those developed for adults. We are developing a hybrid, continuous-flow, magnetically levitated, pediatric total artificial heart (TAH). The hybrid TAH design integrates both an axial and centrifugal blood pump within a single, compact housing. The centrifugal pump rotates around the separate axial pump domain, and both impellers rotate around a common central axis. Here, we concentrate our development effort on the centrifugal blood pump by performing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the blood flow through the pump. We also conducted transient CFD analyses (quasi-steady and transient rotational sliding interfaces) to assess the pump's dynamic performance conditions. Through modeling, we estimated the pressure generation, scalar stress levels, and fluid forces exerted on the magnetically levitated impellers. To further the development of the centrifugal pump, we also built magnetically-supported prototypes and tested these in an in vitro hydraulic flow loop and via 4-h blood bag hemolytic studies (n = 6) using bovine blood. The magnetically levitated centrifugal prototype delivered 0–6.75 L/min at 0–182 mmHg for 2,750–4,250 RPM. Computations predicted lower pressure-flow performance results than measured by testing; axial and radial fluid forces were found to be <3 N, and mechanical power usage was predicted to be <5 Watts. Blood damage indices (power law weighted exposure time and scalar stress) were <2%. All data trends followed expectations for the centrifugal pump design. Six peaks in the pressure rise were observed in the quasi-steady and transient simulations, correlating to the blade passage frequency of the 6-bladed impeller. The average N.I.H value (n = 6) was determined to be 0.09 ± 0.02 g/100 L, which is higher than desired and must be addressed through design improvement. These data serve as a strong foundation to build upon in the next development phase, whereby we will integrate the axial flow pump component. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:02:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-662bd681695b433ba7251f9b4f16a3b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:02:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-662bd681695b433ba7251f9b4f16a3b72022-12-22T03:41:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2022-08-01910.3389/fcvm.2022.886874886874Development of the Centrifugal Blood Pump for a Hybrid Continuous Flow Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Model, Make, MeasureCarson S. Fox0Thomas Palazzolo1Matthew Hirschhorn2Randy M. Stevens3Joseph Rossano4Steven W. Day5Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili6Amy L. Throckmorton7School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesSt. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDivision of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United StatesCardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesClinically-available blood pumps and total artificial hearts for pediatric patients continue to lag well behind those developed for adults. We are developing a hybrid, continuous-flow, magnetically levitated, pediatric total artificial heart (TAH). The hybrid TAH design integrates both an axial and centrifugal blood pump within a single, compact housing. The centrifugal pump rotates around the separate axial pump domain, and both impellers rotate around a common central axis. Here, we concentrate our development effort on the centrifugal blood pump by performing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the blood flow through the pump. We also conducted transient CFD analyses (quasi-steady and transient rotational sliding interfaces) to assess the pump's dynamic performance conditions. Through modeling, we estimated the pressure generation, scalar stress levels, and fluid forces exerted on the magnetically levitated impellers. To further the development of the centrifugal pump, we also built magnetically-supported prototypes and tested these in an in vitro hydraulic flow loop and via 4-h blood bag hemolytic studies (n = 6) using bovine blood. The magnetically levitated centrifugal prototype delivered 0–6.75 L/min at 0–182 mmHg for 2,750–4,250 RPM. Computations predicted lower pressure-flow performance results than measured by testing; axial and radial fluid forces were found to be <3 N, and mechanical power usage was predicted to be <5 Watts. Blood damage indices (power law weighted exposure time and scalar stress) were <2%. All data trends followed expectations for the centrifugal pump design. Six peaks in the pressure rise were observed in the quasi-steady and transient simulations, correlating to the blade passage frequency of the 6-bladed impeller. The average N.I.H value (n = 6) was determined to be 0.09 ± 0.02 g/100 L, which is higher than desired and must be addressed through design improvement. These data serve as a strong foundation to build upon in the next development phase, whereby we will integrate the axial flow pump component.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.886874/fullpediatric mechanical circulatory supportpediatric total artificial heartrotary blood pumprotary blood pump modelingpediatric ventricle assist devicepediatric ventricular support |
| spellingShingle | Carson S. Fox Thomas Palazzolo Matthew Hirschhorn Randy M. Stevens Joseph Rossano Steven W. Day Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili Amy L. Throckmorton Development of the Centrifugal Blood Pump for a Hybrid Continuous Flow Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Model, Make, Measure Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine pediatric mechanical circulatory support pediatric total artificial heart rotary blood pump rotary blood pump modeling pediatric ventricle assist device pediatric ventricular support |
| title | Development of the Centrifugal Blood Pump for a Hybrid Continuous Flow Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Model, Make, Measure |
| title_full | Development of the Centrifugal Blood Pump for a Hybrid Continuous Flow Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Model, Make, Measure |
| title_fullStr | Development of the Centrifugal Blood Pump for a Hybrid Continuous Flow Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Model, Make, Measure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of the Centrifugal Blood Pump for a Hybrid Continuous Flow Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Model, Make, Measure |
| title_short | Development of the Centrifugal Blood Pump for a Hybrid Continuous Flow Pediatric Total Artificial Heart: Model, Make, Measure |
| title_sort | development of the centrifugal blood pump for a hybrid continuous flow pediatric total artificial heart model make measure |
| topic | pediatric mechanical circulatory support pediatric total artificial heart rotary blood pump rotary blood pump modeling pediatric ventricle assist device pediatric ventricular support |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.886874/full |
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