Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Paediatric Caudal Epidural Block: A Randomised Controlled Study
Introduction: Caudal epidural block is a reliable technique to provide perioperative analgesia for infra-umbilical surgeries in paediatric population. Several adjuvants are used along with local anaesthetics to prolong the postoperative anaesthesia. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/12916/41703_PD(KM)_V-2(Su_KM)_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_PF1(AJ_OM)_PN(SL).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Caudal epidural block is a reliable technique to provide perioperative analgesia for infra-umbilical surgeries in paediatric population. Several adjuvants are used along with local anaesthetics to prolong the postoperative anaesthesia. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in prolonging the duration of postoperative analgesia and reduction of pain scores in paediatric patients undergoing infra-umbilical surgeries. Materials and Methods: This was a double-blinded randomised study, conducted at a tertiary care institution. Sixty patients (2-12 years) of ASA physical status classes 1 and 2 were randomly allocated into two groups. After general anaesthesia, each patient received an ultrasound-guided caudal block. Group R (n=30) received 0.25% ropivacaine (1 mL/kg) +0.5 mL saline and Group RD (n=30) received 0.25% ropivacaine 1 mL/ kg +1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine (in 0.5 mL volume). Duration of postoperative analgesia, FLACC pain scores, consumption of rescue analgesics, sedation and adverse-effects were assessed during the 24-hours. The present authors used Student’s t-test and chi-square test for statistical analysis. Results: The duration of postoperative analgesia was significantly prolonged in Group RD, 790.77±7.70 minutes as compared to Group R, 377.97±12.20 minutes (p-value <0.001). Group RD achieved lower FLACC pain scores compared to group R. There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse-effects. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine (1 µg/kg) as an adjuvant to ropivacaine 0.25% (1 mL/kg) in an ultrasound-guided caudal block significantly prolongs the duration of postoperative analgesia and reduces FLACC pain score in paediatric patients undergoing infra-umbilical surgeries without any significant adverse-effects. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |