Recent insights into breast milk microRNA: their role as functional regulators
Breast milk (BM) is a primary biofluid that plays a crucial role in infant development and the regulation of the immune system. As a class of rich biomolecules in BM, microRNAs (miRNAs) are regarded as active factors contributing to infant growth and development. Surprisingly, these molecules exhibi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1366435/full |
| _version_ | 1797205908764229632 |
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| author | Yi-Ran Xu Yi-Ran Xu Jinglu Zhao Jinglu Zhao Hsi-Yuan Huang Hsi-Yuan Huang Yang-Chi-Dung Lin Yang-Chi-Dung Lin Tzong-Yi Lee Hsien-Da Huang Hsien-Da Huang Yi Yang Yi Yang Yong-Fei Wang Yong-Fei Wang |
| author_facet | Yi-Ran Xu Yi-Ran Xu Jinglu Zhao Jinglu Zhao Hsi-Yuan Huang Hsi-Yuan Huang Yang-Chi-Dung Lin Yang-Chi-Dung Lin Tzong-Yi Lee Hsien-Da Huang Hsien-Da Huang Yi Yang Yi Yang Yong-Fei Wang Yong-Fei Wang |
| author_sort | Yi-Ran Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Breast milk (BM) is a primary biofluid that plays a crucial role in infant development and the regulation of the immune system. As a class of rich biomolecules in BM, microRNAs (miRNAs) are regarded as active factors contributing to infant growth and development. Surprisingly, these molecules exhibit resilience in harsh conditions, providing an opportunity for infants to absorb them. In addition, many studies have shown that miRNAs in breast milk, when absorbed into the gastrointestinal system, can act as a class of functional regulators to effectively regulate gene expression. Understanding the absorption pattern of BM miRNA may facilitate the creation of formula with a more optimal miRNA balance and pave the way for novel drug delivery techniques. In this review, we initially present evidence of BM miRNA absorption. Subsequently, we compile studies that integrate both in vivo and in vitro findings to illustrate the bioavailability and biodistribution of BM miRNAs post-absorption. In addition, we evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of previous studies and discuss potential variables contributing to discrepancies in their outcomes. This literature review indicates that miRNAs can be absorbed and act as regulatory agents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:58:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-662ecad3332a4a328162885fe3b66af2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:58:36Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-662ecad3332a4a328162885fe3b66af22024-04-16T05:00:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2024-04-011110.3389/fnut.2024.13664351366435Recent insights into breast milk microRNA: their role as functional regulatorsYi-Ran Xu0Yi-Ran Xu1Jinglu Zhao2Jinglu Zhao3Hsi-Yuan Huang4Hsi-Yuan Huang5Yang-Chi-Dung Lin6Yang-Chi-Dung Lin7Tzong-Yi Lee8Hsien-Da Huang9Hsien-Da Huang10Yi Yang11Yi Yang12Yong-Fei Wang13Yong-Fei Wang14Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaSchool of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaWarshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaSchool of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaWarshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaSchool of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaWarshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaSchool of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaInstitute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology and Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, TaiwanWarshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaSchool of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Nephrology, Center for Regeneration and Aging Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, ChinaZhejiang-Denmark Joint Laboratory of Regeneration and Aging Medicine, Yiwu, ChinaWarshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaSchool of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaBreast milk (BM) is a primary biofluid that plays a crucial role in infant development and the regulation of the immune system. As a class of rich biomolecules in BM, microRNAs (miRNAs) are regarded as active factors contributing to infant growth and development. Surprisingly, these molecules exhibit resilience in harsh conditions, providing an opportunity for infants to absorb them. In addition, many studies have shown that miRNAs in breast milk, when absorbed into the gastrointestinal system, can act as a class of functional regulators to effectively regulate gene expression. Understanding the absorption pattern of BM miRNA may facilitate the creation of formula with a more optimal miRNA balance and pave the way for novel drug delivery techniques. In this review, we initially present evidence of BM miRNA absorption. Subsequently, we compile studies that integrate both in vivo and in vitro findings to illustrate the bioavailability and biodistribution of BM miRNAs post-absorption. In addition, we evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of previous studies and discuss potential variables contributing to discrepancies in their outcomes. This literature review indicates that miRNAs can be absorbed and act as regulatory agents.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1366435/fullmiRNAbreast milkinfant developmentimmune systemdigestive system |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Ran Xu Yi-Ran Xu Jinglu Zhao Jinglu Zhao Hsi-Yuan Huang Hsi-Yuan Huang Yang-Chi-Dung Lin Yang-Chi-Dung Lin Tzong-Yi Lee Hsien-Da Huang Hsien-Da Huang Yi Yang Yi Yang Yong-Fei Wang Yong-Fei Wang Recent insights into breast milk microRNA: their role as functional regulators Frontiers in Nutrition miRNA breast milk infant development immune system digestive system |
| title | Recent insights into breast milk microRNA: their role as functional regulators |
| title_full | Recent insights into breast milk microRNA: their role as functional regulators |
| title_fullStr | Recent insights into breast milk microRNA: their role as functional regulators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent insights into breast milk microRNA: their role as functional regulators |
| title_short | Recent insights into breast milk microRNA: their role as functional regulators |
| title_sort | recent insights into breast milk microrna their role as functional regulators |
| topic | miRNA breast milk infant development immune system digestive system |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1366435/full |
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