The Landscape of Immune Cells Infiltrating in Prostate Cancer
BackgroundThis study was to explore the infiltration pattern of immune cells in the prostate cancer (PCa) microenvironment and evaluate the possibility of specific infiltrating immune cells as potential prognostic biomarkers in PCa.MethodsInfiltrating percentage of 22 immune cells were extracted fro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-10-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.517637/full |
| _version_ | 1828520927999033344 |
|---|---|
| author | Zhicong Wu Zhicong Wu Hua Chen Wenyang Luo Hanyun Zhang Guihuan Li Fangyin Zeng Fan Deng |
| author_facet | Zhicong Wu Zhicong Wu Hua Chen Wenyang Luo Hanyun Zhang Guihuan Li Fangyin Zeng Fan Deng |
| author_sort | Zhicong Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThis study was to explore the infiltration pattern of immune cells in the prostate cancer (PCa) microenvironment and evaluate the possibility of specific infiltrating immune cells as potential prognostic biomarkers in PCa.MethodsInfiltrating percentage of 22 immune cells were extracted from 27 normalized datasets by CIBERSORT algorithm. Samples with CIBERSORT p-value < 0.05 were subsequently merged and divided into normal or tumor groups. The differences of 22 immune cells between normal and tumor tissues were analyzed along with potential infiltrating correlations among 22 immune cells and Gleason grades. SNV data from TCGA was used to calculate the TMB score. A univariate and multivariate regression were used to evaluate the prognostic effects of immune cells in PCa.ResultsTen immune cells with significant differences were identified, including seven increased and three decreased infiltrating immune cells from 190 normal prostate tissues and 537 PCa tissues. Among them, the percentage of infiltration of resting NK cells increased the most, whereas the percentage of infiltration of resting mast cells decreased the most. In normal tissues, CD8+ T cells had the strongest infiltrating correlation with monocytes, while activated NK cells and naive B cells were the highest in PCa tissues. Moreover, the infiltration of five immune cells was significantly associated with TMB score and mutations of immune gene change the infiltration of immune cells. The Area Under Curve (AUC) of the multivariate regression model for the five- and 10-year survival prediction of PCa reached 0.796 and 0.862. The validation cohort proved that the model was reproducible.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that different infiltrating immune cells in prostate cancer, especially higher infiltrating M1 macrophages and neutrophils in PCa tissue, are associated with patients’ prognosis, suggesting that these two immune cells might be potential targets for PCa diagnosis and prognosis of treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:39:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-664f7184692047a4b74d5b51ed35352b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:39:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-664f7184692047a4b74d5b51ed35352b2022-12-22T00:53:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2020-10-011010.3389/fonc.2020.517637517637The Landscape of Immune Cells Infiltrating in Prostate CancerZhicong Wu0Zhicong Wu1Hua Chen2Wenyang Luo3Hanyun Zhang4Guihuan Li5Fangyin Zeng6Fan Deng7Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaBackgroundThis study was to explore the infiltration pattern of immune cells in the prostate cancer (PCa) microenvironment and evaluate the possibility of specific infiltrating immune cells as potential prognostic biomarkers in PCa.MethodsInfiltrating percentage of 22 immune cells were extracted from 27 normalized datasets by CIBERSORT algorithm. Samples with CIBERSORT p-value < 0.05 were subsequently merged and divided into normal or tumor groups. The differences of 22 immune cells between normal and tumor tissues were analyzed along with potential infiltrating correlations among 22 immune cells and Gleason grades. SNV data from TCGA was used to calculate the TMB score. A univariate and multivariate regression were used to evaluate the prognostic effects of immune cells in PCa.ResultsTen immune cells with significant differences were identified, including seven increased and three decreased infiltrating immune cells from 190 normal prostate tissues and 537 PCa tissues. Among them, the percentage of infiltration of resting NK cells increased the most, whereas the percentage of infiltration of resting mast cells decreased the most. In normal tissues, CD8+ T cells had the strongest infiltrating correlation with monocytes, while activated NK cells and naive B cells were the highest in PCa tissues. Moreover, the infiltration of five immune cells was significantly associated with TMB score and mutations of immune gene change the infiltration of immune cells. The Area Under Curve (AUC) of the multivariate regression model for the five- and 10-year survival prediction of PCa reached 0.796 and 0.862. The validation cohort proved that the model was reproducible.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that different infiltrating immune cells in prostate cancer, especially higher infiltrating M1 macrophages and neutrophils in PCa tissue, are associated with patients’ prognosis, suggesting that these two immune cells might be potential targets for PCa diagnosis and prognosis of treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.517637/fullinfiltrationimmune cellprostate cancerCIBERSORTnomogram |
| spellingShingle | Zhicong Wu Zhicong Wu Hua Chen Wenyang Luo Hanyun Zhang Guihuan Li Fangyin Zeng Fan Deng The Landscape of Immune Cells Infiltrating in Prostate Cancer Frontiers in Oncology infiltration immune cell prostate cancer CIBERSORT nomogram |
| title | The Landscape of Immune Cells Infiltrating in Prostate Cancer |
| title_full | The Landscape of Immune Cells Infiltrating in Prostate Cancer |
| title_fullStr | The Landscape of Immune Cells Infiltrating in Prostate Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Landscape of Immune Cells Infiltrating in Prostate Cancer |
| title_short | The Landscape of Immune Cells Infiltrating in Prostate Cancer |
| title_sort | landscape of immune cells infiltrating in prostate cancer |
| topic | infiltration immune cell prostate cancer CIBERSORT nomogram |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.517637/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhicongwu thelandscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT zhicongwu thelandscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT huachen thelandscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT wenyangluo thelandscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT hanyunzhang thelandscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT guihuanli thelandscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT fangyinzeng thelandscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT fandeng thelandscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT zhicongwu landscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT zhicongwu landscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT huachen landscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT wenyangluo landscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT hanyunzhang landscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT guihuanli landscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT fangyinzeng landscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer AT fandeng landscapeofimmunecellsinfiltratinginprostatecancer |