Kinetic Model and Experiment for Self-Ignition of Triethylaluminum and Triethylborane Droplets in Air
Triethylaluminum Al(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, TEA, and triethylborane, B(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, TEB, are transparent, colorless, pyrophoric liquids with boiling points of approximately 190 °C and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Micromachines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/11/2033 |
| _version_ | 1797464491335614464 |
|---|---|
| author | Sergey M. Frolov Valentin Y. Basevich Andrey A. Belyaev Igor O. Shamshin Viktor S. Aksenov Fedor S. Frolov Pavel A. Storozhenko Shirin L. Guseinov |
| author_facet | Sergey M. Frolov Valentin Y. Basevich Andrey A. Belyaev Igor O. Shamshin Viktor S. Aksenov Fedor S. Frolov Pavel A. Storozhenko Shirin L. Guseinov |
| author_sort | Sergey M. Frolov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Triethylaluminum Al(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, TEA, and triethylborane, B(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, TEB, are transparent, colorless, pyrophoric liquids with boiling points of approximately 190 °C and 95 °C, respectively. Upon contact with ambient air, TEA, TEB, as well as their mixtures and solutions, in hydrocarbon solvents, ignite. They can also violently react with water. TEA and TEB can be used as hypergolic rocket propellants and incendiary compositions. In this manuscript, a novel scheme of the heterogeneous interaction of gaseous oxygen with liquid TEA/TEB microdroplets accompanied by the release of light hydrocarbon radicals into the gas phase is used for calculating the self-ignition of a spatially homogeneous mixture of fuel microdroplets in ambient air at normal pressure and temperature (NPT) conditions. In the primary initiation step, TEA and TEB react with oxygen, producing an ethyl radical, which can initiate an autoxidation chain. The ignition delay is shown to decrease with the decrease in the droplet size. Preliminary experiments on the self-ignition of pulsed and continuous TEA–TEB sprays in ambient air at NPT conditions are used for estimating the Arrhenius parameters of the rate-limiting reaction. Experiments confirm that the self-ignition delay of TEA–TEB sprays decreases with the injection pressure and provide the data for estimating the activation energy of the rate-limiting reaction, which appears to be close to 2 kcal/mol. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:08:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-665cc5bf8dc14cdea02cac2dc4130af4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:08:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-665cc5bf8dc14cdea02cac2dc4130af42023-11-24T09:16:48ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2022-11-011311203310.3390/mi13112033Kinetic Model and Experiment for Self-Ignition of Triethylaluminum and Triethylborane Droplets in AirSergey M. Frolov0Valentin Y. Basevich1Andrey A. Belyaev2Igor O. Shamshin3Viktor S. Aksenov4Fedor S. Frolov5Pavel A. Storozhenko6Shirin L. Guseinov7Department of Combustion and Explosion, Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Combustion and Explosion, Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Combustion and Explosion, Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Combustion and Explosion, Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaInstitute of Laser and Plasma Technologies, National Research Nuclear University “Moscow Engineering Physics Institute”, 115409 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Combustion and Explosion, Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaState Research Center “State Scientific Research Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Organo-Element Compounds”, 105118 Moscow, RussiaState Research Center “State Scientific Research Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Organo-Element Compounds”, 105118 Moscow, RussiaTriethylaluminum Al(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, TEA, and triethylborane, B(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, TEB, are transparent, colorless, pyrophoric liquids with boiling points of approximately 190 °C and 95 °C, respectively. Upon contact with ambient air, TEA, TEB, as well as their mixtures and solutions, in hydrocarbon solvents, ignite. They can also violently react with water. TEA and TEB can be used as hypergolic rocket propellants and incendiary compositions. In this manuscript, a novel scheme of the heterogeneous interaction of gaseous oxygen with liquid TEA/TEB microdroplets accompanied by the release of light hydrocarbon radicals into the gas phase is used for calculating the self-ignition of a spatially homogeneous mixture of fuel microdroplets in ambient air at normal pressure and temperature (NPT) conditions. In the primary initiation step, TEA and TEB react with oxygen, producing an ethyl radical, which can initiate an autoxidation chain. The ignition delay is shown to decrease with the decrease in the droplet size. Preliminary experiments on the self-ignition of pulsed and continuous TEA–TEB sprays in ambient air at NPT conditions are used for estimating the Arrhenius parameters of the rate-limiting reaction. Experiments confirm that the self-ignition delay of TEA–TEB sprays decreases with the injection pressure and provide the data for estimating the activation energy of the rate-limiting reaction, which appears to be close to 2 kcal/mol.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/11/2033triethylaluminumtriethylboraneoxygen intrusion reactionrate constantactivation energydroplet |
| spellingShingle | Sergey M. Frolov Valentin Y. Basevich Andrey A. Belyaev Igor O. Shamshin Viktor S. Aksenov Fedor S. Frolov Pavel A. Storozhenko Shirin L. Guseinov Kinetic Model and Experiment for Self-Ignition of Triethylaluminum and Triethylborane Droplets in Air Micromachines triethylaluminum triethylborane oxygen intrusion reaction rate constant activation energy droplet |
| title | Kinetic Model and Experiment for Self-Ignition of Triethylaluminum and Triethylborane Droplets in Air |
| title_full | Kinetic Model and Experiment for Self-Ignition of Triethylaluminum and Triethylborane Droplets in Air |
| title_fullStr | Kinetic Model and Experiment for Self-Ignition of Triethylaluminum and Triethylborane Droplets in Air |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinetic Model and Experiment for Self-Ignition of Triethylaluminum and Triethylborane Droplets in Air |
| title_short | Kinetic Model and Experiment for Self-Ignition of Triethylaluminum and Triethylborane Droplets in Air |
| title_sort | kinetic model and experiment for self ignition of triethylaluminum and triethylborane droplets in air |
| topic | triethylaluminum triethylborane oxygen intrusion reaction rate constant activation energy droplet |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/11/2033 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sergeymfrolov kineticmodelandexperimentforselfignitionoftriethylaluminumandtriethylboranedropletsinair AT valentinybasevich kineticmodelandexperimentforselfignitionoftriethylaluminumandtriethylboranedropletsinair AT andreyabelyaev kineticmodelandexperimentforselfignitionoftriethylaluminumandtriethylboranedropletsinair AT igoroshamshin kineticmodelandexperimentforselfignitionoftriethylaluminumandtriethylboranedropletsinair AT viktorsaksenov kineticmodelandexperimentforselfignitionoftriethylaluminumandtriethylboranedropletsinair AT fedorsfrolov kineticmodelandexperimentforselfignitionoftriethylaluminumandtriethylboranedropletsinair AT pavelastorozhenko kineticmodelandexperimentforselfignitionoftriethylaluminumandtriethylboranedropletsinair AT shirinlguseinov kineticmodelandexperimentforselfignitionoftriethylaluminumandtriethylboranedropletsinair |