Mechanisms of Primed Defense: Plant Immunity Induced by Endophytic Colonization of a Mycovirus-Induced Hypovirulent Fungal Pathogen
How mycovirus-induced hypovirulence in fungi activates plant defense is still poorly understood. The changes in plant fitness and gene expression caused by the inoculation of the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum harboring and made hypovirulent by the mycovirus soybean leaf-associated gemygorvirus-1 (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-06-23-0083-R |
| _version_ | 1797435725282541568 |
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| author | Connor Pedersen Shin-Yi Lee Marzano |
| author_facet | Connor Pedersen Shin-Yi Lee Marzano |
| author_sort | Connor Pedersen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | How mycovirus-induced hypovirulence in fungi activates plant defense is still poorly understood. The changes in plant fitness and gene expression caused by the inoculation of the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum harboring and made hypovirulent by the mycovirus soybean leaf-associated gemygorvirus-1 (SlaGemV-1) of the species Gemycircularvirus soybe1 were examined in this study. As the hypovirulent fungus (DK3V) colonized soybean Glycine max, plant transcriptomic analysis indicated changes in defense responses and photosynthetic activity, supported by an upregulation of individual genes and overrepresentation of photosystem gene ontology groups. The upregulated genes include genes relating to both pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity as well as various genes relating to the induction of systemic acquired resistance and the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid. Plants colonized with DK3V showed a resistant phenotype to virulent S. sclerotiorum infection. Plant height and leaf area were also determined to be larger in plants grown with the virus-infected fungus. Here, we hypothesize that inoculation of soybean with DK3V can result in the triggering of a wide range of defense mechanisms to prime against later infection. The knowledge gained from this study about plant transcriptomics and phenotype will help prime plant immunity with mycovirus-infected hypovirulent fungal strains more effectively. [Graphic: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:51:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6660f74ddf2248cb9281c29f15d25123 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:51:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-6660f74ddf2248cb9281c29f15d251232023-12-01T06:06:27ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062023-11-01361172673610.1094/MPMI-06-23-0083-RMechanisms of Primed Defense: Plant Immunity Induced by Endophytic Colonization of a Mycovirus-Induced Hypovirulent Fungal PathogenConnor Pedersen0Shin-Yi Lee Marzano1United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Toledo, OH 43606, U.S.A.United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Toledo, OH 43606, U.S.A.How mycovirus-induced hypovirulence in fungi activates plant defense is still poorly understood. The changes in plant fitness and gene expression caused by the inoculation of the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum harboring and made hypovirulent by the mycovirus soybean leaf-associated gemygorvirus-1 (SlaGemV-1) of the species Gemycircularvirus soybe1 were examined in this study. As the hypovirulent fungus (DK3V) colonized soybean Glycine max, plant transcriptomic analysis indicated changes in defense responses and photosynthetic activity, supported by an upregulation of individual genes and overrepresentation of photosystem gene ontology groups. The upregulated genes include genes relating to both pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity as well as various genes relating to the induction of systemic acquired resistance and the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid. Plants colonized with DK3V showed a resistant phenotype to virulent S. sclerotiorum infection. Plant height and leaf area were also determined to be larger in plants grown with the virus-infected fungus. Here, we hypothesize that inoculation of soybean with DK3V can result in the triggering of a wide range of defense mechanisms to prime against later infection. The knowledge gained from this study about plant transcriptomics and phenotype will help prime plant immunity with mycovirus-infected hypovirulent fungal strains more effectively. [Graphic: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-06-23-0083-Rendophytehypovirulenceimmunity primingmycovirusphotosynthesisSclerotinia sclerotiorum |
| spellingShingle | Connor Pedersen Shin-Yi Lee Marzano Mechanisms of Primed Defense: Plant Immunity Induced by Endophytic Colonization of a Mycovirus-Induced Hypovirulent Fungal Pathogen Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions endophyte hypovirulence immunity priming mycovirus photosynthesis Sclerotinia sclerotiorum |
| title | Mechanisms of Primed Defense: Plant Immunity Induced by Endophytic Colonization of a Mycovirus-Induced Hypovirulent Fungal Pathogen |
| title_full | Mechanisms of Primed Defense: Plant Immunity Induced by Endophytic Colonization of a Mycovirus-Induced Hypovirulent Fungal Pathogen |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Primed Defense: Plant Immunity Induced by Endophytic Colonization of a Mycovirus-Induced Hypovirulent Fungal Pathogen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Primed Defense: Plant Immunity Induced by Endophytic Colonization of a Mycovirus-Induced Hypovirulent Fungal Pathogen |
| title_short | Mechanisms of Primed Defense: Plant Immunity Induced by Endophytic Colonization of a Mycovirus-Induced Hypovirulent Fungal Pathogen |
| title_sort | mechanisms of primed defense plant immunity induced by endophytic colonization of a mycovirus induced hypovirulent fungal pathogen |
| topic | endophyte hypovirulence immunity priming mycovirus photosynthesis Sclerotinia sclerotiorum |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-06-23-0083-R |
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