Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt
Abstract This study aimed to identify the mortality present in private fish farm Amyloodinium ocellatum and Cryptocaryon irritans were isolated from this outbreak affecting Liza carinata fingerlings at an earthen-based aquaculture facility in Damietta, Egypt. A total of 140 moribunds, L. carinata, w...
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Nature Portfolio
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19649-9 |
| _version_ | 1828203619228319744 |
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| author | Alaa Eldin Eissa Marwa M. Attia Mohamed Abdelsalam Mamdouh Y. Elgendy Mahmoud Abou-Okada Gehad A. Ismail Nehal A. Younis |
| author_facet | Alaa Eldin Eissa Marwa M. Attia Mohamed Abdelsalam Mamdouh Y. Elgendy Mahmoud Abou-Okada Gehad A. Ismail Nehal A. Younis |
| author_sort | Alaa Eldin Eissa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study aimed to identify the mortality present in private fish farm Amyloodinium ocellatum and Cryptocaryon irritans were isolated from this outbreak affecting Liza carinata fingerlings at an earthen-based aquaculture facility in Damietta, Egypt. A total of 140 moribunds, L. carinata, were collected from the fish ponds during the mortality events. Physico-chemical analysis of water was analyzed. The skin, fins, gills, and eyes of each fish specimen were scraped gently onto slides in areas over 2 cm area. All smears were examined separately under the light microscope. Molecular identification of the parasites using analysis of ITS rDNA regions flanking both 18S and 28S rDNA genes of Amyloodinium protozoa and C. irritans. Identities of the detected parasites were confirmed by gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis. The majority of the examined fish (90%) were infected, 66.42% had a mixed infection, and 23.57% had a single infection either with A. ocellatum (10.71%) or C. irritans (12.85%).The mean intensity of A. ocellatum was 16.5 ± 2.03 in the skin and 13.18 ± 1.90 in the gills of infected fish, while that of C. irritans was 4.75 ± 1.05 in gills and 7.43 ± 1.45 in the skin, respectively. To control the emergent mortalities, affected ponds were treated using copper sulfate pentahydrate, hydrogen peroxides solutions, and amprolium hydrochloride powder in feed. Fish across the treated ponds were gradually improved with low morbidity and mortalityrates during the treatment period. The clinical disease was almost diminished at the end of the second week of treatment. Coinciding with the clinical improvement of the treated juveniles, microscopical examination of skin/gill scraps exhibited a marked decline in the number of protozoan parasites at the end of the second week of treatment. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:09:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6674c73341094351b99d81b87f2fb0c82022-12-22T03:33:38ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-09-0112111010.1038/s41598-022-19649-9Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, EgyptAlaa Eldin Eissa0Marwa M. Attia1Mohamed Abdelsalam2Mamdouh Y. Elgendy3Mahmoud Abou-Okada4Gehad A. Ismail5Nehal A. Younis6Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Hydrobiology, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research CentreDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityFish Diseases Research Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research CenterDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityAbstract This study aimed to identify the mortality present in private fish farm Amyloodinium ocellatum and Cryptocaryon irritans were isolated from this outbreak affecting Liza carinata fingerlings at an earthen-based aquaculture facility in Damietta, Egypt. A total of 140 moribunds, L. carinata, were collected from the fish ponds during the mortality events. Physico-chemical analysis of water was analyzed. The skin, fins, gills, and eyes of each fish specimen were scraped gently onto slides in areas over 2 cm area. All smears were examined separately under the light microscope. Molecular identification of the parasites using analysis of ITS rDNA regions flanking both 18S and 28S rDNA genes of Amyloodinium protozoa and C. irritans. Identities of the detected parasites were confirmed by gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis. The majority of the examined fish (90%) were infected, 66.42% had a mixed infection, and 23.57% had a single infection either with A. ocellatum (10.71%) or C. irritans (12.85%).The mean intensity of A. ocellatum was 16.5 ± 2.03 in the skin and 13.18 ± 1.90 in the gills of infected fish, while that of C. irritans was 4.75 ± 1.05 in gills and 7.43 ± 1.45 in the skin, respectively. To control the emergent mortalities, affected ponds were treated using copper sulfate pentahydrate, hydrogen peroxides solutions, and amprolium hydrochloride powder in feed. Fish across the treated ponds were gradually improved with low morbidity and mortalityrates during the treatment period. The clinical disease was almost diminished at the end of the second week of treatment. Coinciding with the clinical improvement of the treated juveniles, microscopical examination of skin/gill scraps exhibited a marked decline in the number of protozoan parasites at the end of the second week of treatment.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19649-9 |
| spellingShingle | Alaa Eldin Eissa Marwa M. Attia Mohamed Abdelsalam Mamdouh Y. Elgendy Mahmoud Abou-Okada Gehad A. Ismail Nehal A. Younis Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt Scientific Reports |
| title | Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt |
| title_full | Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt |
| title_short | Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt |
| title_sort | investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at damietta egypt |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19649-9 |
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