Selection on uniformity and yield stability in maize
Historically speaking, both the introduction of double-cross hybrids and use of single crosses have caused the increase in grain yield and significantly improved agricultural practice. Nowadays, the uniformity of crops is regarded as an advantage of modern agriculture, since the uniformity of produc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade
2004-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade) |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-8109/2004/1450-81090401117Z.pdf |
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| author | Živanović Tomislav Vračarević Maja Krstanović Saša Šurlan-Momirović Gordana |
| author_facet | Živanović Tomislav Vračarević Maja Krstanović Saša Šurlan-Momirović Gordana |
| author_sort | Živanović Tomislav |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Historically speaking, both the introduction of double-cross hybrids and use of single crosses have caused the increase in grain yield and significantly improved agricultural practice. Nowadays, the uniformity of crops is regarded as an advantage of modern agriculture, since the uniformity of products is crucial in global market. Thus, uniformity of crop maturation provides both planning and efficient mechanized harvest. F1 single-cross hybrids of maize, which is an allogamous species, not only exploit heterosis, but also impose homogeneity. Basically, the uniformity of hybrids has been regarded as their crucial advantage. There are two aspects of hybrid maize uniformity: (i) genetic homogeneity and (ii) genetic stability. Genetic homogeneity refers to presence of identical genotypes, whereas genetic stability refers to phenotypic uniformity (homeostasis) in different environments. At present, yield performance of inbreds has not advanced as rapidly as performance of hybrids, especially in stressful environments. Focusing on inbred productivity combined with stability may be more appropriate strategy in the future. Poor farmers are not able to employ superior genotypes because they require considerable financial investment and farmers survive not due to high yield in good seasons, but due to enduring extreme ones. Breeding process may create genotypes in favorable seasons when genetic variance is maximal and environmental influence is minimal, which should be followed by breeding for different environments. The aim of such breeding are, most probably, genotypes intended for a specific set of conditions which, in fact, represents a convergence of two strategies of plant breeding. One should probably bear in mind the strategy of both yield improvement and survival of farmers in extreme conditions without decreasing yield of best genotypes, especially those adapted only to favorable conditions. Solution to this problem should be: financial (best possible loans), social (education), and technological (breeding improved genotypes and advanced agricultural production). |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T15:28:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-667bc4b50075460599fa93925dabaa04 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1450-8109 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T15:28:26Z |
| publishDate | 2004-01-01 |
| publisher | University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade) |
| spelling | doaj.art-667bc4b50075460599fa93925dabaa042022-12-21T21:43:12ZengUniversity of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, BelgradeJournal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)1450-81092004-01-0149111713010.2298/JAS0401117ZSelection on uniformity and yield stability in maizeŽivanović TomislavVračarević MajaKrstanović SašaŠurlan-Momirović GordanaHistorically speaking, both the introduction of double-cross hybrids and use of single crosses have caused the increase in grain yield and significantly improved agricultural practice. Nowadays, the uniformity of crops is regarded as an advantage of modern agriculture, since the uniformity of products is crucial in global market. Thus, uniformity of crop maturation provides both planning and efficient mechanized harvest. F1 single-cross hybrids of maize, which is an allogamous species, not only exploit heterosis, but also impose homogeneity. Basically, the uniformity of hybrids has been regarded as their crucial advantage. There are two aspects of hybrid maize uniformity: (i) genetic homogeneity and (ii) genetic stability. Genetic homogeneity refers to presence of identical genotypes, whereas genetic stability refers to phenotypic uniformity (homeostasis) in different environments. At present, yield performance of inbreds has not advanced as rapidly as performance of hybrids, especially in stressful environments. Focusing on inbred productivity combined with stability may be more appropriate strategy in the future. Poor farmers are not able to employ superior genotypes because they require considerable financial investment and farmers survive not due to high yield in good seasons, but due to enduring extreme ones. Breeding process may create genotypes in favorable seasons when genetic variance is maximal and environmental influence is minimal, which should be followed by breeding for different environments. The aim of such breeding are, most probably, genotypes intended for a specific set of conditions which, in fact, represents a convergence of two strategies of plant breeding. One should probably bear in mind the strategy of both yield improvement and survival of farmers in extreme conditions without decreasing yield of best genotypes, especially those adapted only to favorable conditions. Solution to this problem should be: financial (best possible loans), social (education), and technological (breeding improved genotypes and advanced agricultural production).http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-8109/2004/1450-81090401117Z.pdfmaizeuniformityheterosisstabilityhomogeneityselectioninbreedinghybrids |
| spellingShingle | Živanović Tomislav Vračarević Maja Krstanović Saša Šurlan-Momirović Gordana Selection on uniformity and yield stability in maize Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade) maize uniformity heterosis stability homogeneity selection inbreeding hybrids |
| title | Selection on uniformity and yield stability in maize |
| title_full | Selection on uniformity and yield stability in maize |
| title_fullStr | Selection on uniformity and yield stability in maize |
| title_full_unstemmed | Selection on uniformity and yield stability in maize |
| title_short | Selection on uniformity and yield stability in maize |
| title_sort | selection on uniformity and yield stability in maize |
| topic | maize uniformity heterosis stability homogeneity selection inbreeding hybrids |
| url | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-8109/2004/1450-81090401117Z.pdf |
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