Inter‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in China
Abstract Yield potential has been significantly increased through hybrid rice breeding in the past, however, the genetic gain in grain yield is becoming marginal in recent years, especially in farmers’ field. The increase in climate variability is one potential reason for the stagnant rice grain yie...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Food and Energy Security |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.299 |
| _version_ | 1818825886182408192 |
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| author | Xiaoxiao Li Liying Huang Shaobing Peng Fei Wang |
| author_facet | Xiaoxiao Li Liying Huang Shaobing Peng Fei Wang |
| author_sort | Xiaoxiao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Yield potential has been significantly increased through hybrid rice breeding in the past, however, the genetic gain in grain yield is becoming marginal in recent years, especially in farmers’ field. The increase in climate variability is one potential reason for the stagnant rice grain yield. Moreover, overuse of nitrogen fertilizer and poor grain quality of hybrid rice reduce its advantage over inbred rice. The present study evaluated seventy‐eight elite hybrid varieties in 2014–2018 aiming to determine the climate variability and its influences on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and grain protein content of the newly bred rice hybrid varieties simultaneously. It was found that daily maximum and minimum temperature, daily radiation varied significantly across planting years. The extreme differences for Tmax, Tmin, and radiation were 2.0°C, 1.5°C, and 3.6 MJ m−2 d−1, respectively. Overall, grain yield of 22 varieties was significantly increased in comparison to that of the control cultivar Yangliangyou6 (YLY6), which was closely dependent on the planting year. Grain yield of these elite varieties ranged from 9.69 to 11.97 t ha−1, and NUE for grain production (NUEg) from 47.3 to 60.9 kg kg−1. The inter‐annual variation in grain yield, NUEg, and grain protein content was significantly related to the average daily minimum temperature (Tmin), due to its effects on grain filling percentage and harvest index. Moreover, these three properties are mutually correlated for all varieties across five years: grain yield positively correlated with NUEg (R2 = 0.46) and negatively correlated with protein content (R2 = 0.32), whereas NUEg negatively related to protein content (R2 = 0.49). These results suggest that enhancing the adaptation to climate variability in hybrid rice breeding is essential and urgent for sustainable rice production in China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T00:18:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6684848cbe8a467fb2273b0e8f664bb2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2048-3694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T00:18:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food and Energy Security |
| spelling | doaj.art-6684848cbe8a467fb2273b0e8f664bb22022-12-21T20:45:38ZengWileyFood and Energy Security2048-36942021-11-01104n/an/a10.1002/fes3.299Inter‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in ChinaXiaoxiao Li0Liying Huang1Shaobing Peng2Fei Wang3National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement MARA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan ChinaCollege of Agriculture Yangtze University Jingzhou ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement MARA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement MARA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan ChinaAbstract Yield potential has been significantly increased through hybrid rice breeding in the past, however, the genetic gain in grain yield is becoming marginal in recent years, especially in farmers’ field. The increase in climate variability is one potential reason for the stagnant rice grain yield. Moreover, overuse of nitrogen fertilizer and poor grain quality of hybrid rice reduce its advantage over inbred rice. The present study evaluated seventy‐eight elite hybrid varieties in 2014–2018 aiming to determine the climate variability and its influences on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and grain protein content of the newly bred rice hybrid varieties simultaneously. It was found that daily maximum and minimum temperature, daily radiation varied significantly across planting years. The extreme differences for Tmax, Tmin, and radiation were 2.0°C, 1.5°C, and 3.6 MJ m−2 d−1, respectively. Overall, grain yield of 22 varieties was significantly increased in comparison to that of the control cultivar Yangliangyou6 (YLY6), which was closely dependent on the planting year. Grain yield of these elite varieties ranged from 9.69 to 11.97 t ha−1, and NUE for grain production (NUEg) from 47.3 to 60.9 kg kg−1. The inter‐annual variation in grain yield, NUEg, and grain protein content was significantly related to the average daily minimum temperature (Tmin), due to its effects on grain filling percentage and harvest index. Moreover, these three properties are mutually correlated for all varieties across five years: grain yield positively correlated with NUEg (R2 = 0.46) and negatively correlated with protein content (R2 = 0.32), whereas NUEg negatively related to protein content (R2 = 0.49). These results suggest that enhancing the adaptation to climate variability in hybrid rice breeding is essential and urgent for sustainable rice production in China.https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.299grain yieldGreen super ricenighttime temperatureNUE |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoxiao Li Liying Huang Shaobing Peng Fei Wang Inter‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in China Food and Energy Security grain yield Green super rice nighttime temperature NUE |
| title | Inter‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in China |
| title_full | Inter‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in China |
| title_fullStr | Inter‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inter‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in China |
| title_short | Inter‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in China |
| title_sort | inter annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in china |
| topic | grain yield Green super rice nighttime temperature NUE |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.299 |
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