Hygrothermal Performance of Thick PCM Mortar behind PV Panels in Energy-Activated ETICS Facades
The concept of integrating PV panels into traditional ETICS facades has been developing for several years. Problems concerning the options for passively controlling the temperatures of PV panels with PCM and directing excess moisture out of the wall via diffusion channels have been previously studie...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Buildings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/6/1572 |
| _version_ | 1797595679563972608 |
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| author | Martin Talvik Simo Ilomets Paul Klõšeiko Targo Kalamees Mattias Põldaru Dariusz Heim |
| author_facet | Martin Talvik Simo Ilomets Paul Klõšeiko Targo Kalamees Mattias Põldaru Dariusz Heim |
| author_sort | Martin Talvik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The concept of integrating PV panels into traditional ETICS facades has been developing for several years. Problems concerning the options for passively controlling the temperatures of PV panels with PCM and directing excess moisture out of the wall via diffusion channels have been previously studied theoretically. During this study, real wall-scale experiments were conducted to test the thermal and hygrothermal performance of the wall system in an extreme climatic environment, as well as in a real outdoor environment in Tallinn, Estonia. Finally, a simulation model was calibrated according to the measured data. It was found that in case of test walls with diffusion channels, it was possible to keep the moisture content of PCM mortar under 0.11 m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>3</sup>. Excess water drained out via channels leading to the external environment. Without diffusion channels, the moisture content rose as high as 0.18 m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>3</sup>. Both the experiments and hygrothermal modelling showed that the high moisture content of PCM mortar, caused by water leakage, dropped to 0.08 m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>3</sup> over 10 solar cycles as moisture escaped via the diffusion channels. PCM mortar with a moisture content of 0.08 m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>3</sup> endured extreme rain and freeze-thaw cycles without visual damage, and PV panels retained their electrical production capabilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:39:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-668a12ab7f044798b2ffd33244c67e7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:39:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj.art-668a12ab7f044798b2ffd33244c67e7b2023-11-18T09:40:05ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092023-06-01136157210.3390/buildings13061572Hygrothermal Performance of Thick PCM Mortar behind PV Panels in Energy-Activated ETICS FacadesMartin Talvik0Simo Ilomets1Paul Klõšeiko2Targo Kalamees3Mattias Põldaru4Dariusz Heim5Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90924 Lodz, PolandThe concept of integrating PV panels into traditional ETICS facades has been developing for several years. Problems concerning the options for passively controlling the temperatures of PV panels with PCM and directing excess moisture out of the wall via diffusion channels have been previously studied theoretically. During this study, real wall-scale experiments were conducted to test the thermal and hygrothermal performance of the wall system in an extreme climatic environment, as well as in a real outdoor environment in Tallinn, Estonia. Finally, a simulation model was calibrated according to the measured data. It was found that in case of test walls with diffusion channels, it was possible to keep the moisture content of PCM mortar under 0.11 m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>3</sup>. Excess water drained out via channels leading to the external environment. Without diffusion channels, the moisture content rose as high as 0.18 m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>3</sup>. Both the experiments and hygrothermal modelling showed that the high moisture content of PCM mortar, caused by water leakage, dropped to 0.08 m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>3</sup> over 10 solar cycles as moisture escaped via the diffusion channels. PCM mortar with a moisture content of 0.08 m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>3</sup> endured extreme rain and freeze-thaw cycles without visual damage, and PV panels retained their electrical production capabilities.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/6/1572ETICSbuilding-integrated PV (BIPV)PCMEn-ActivETICShygrothermal performancehygrothermal modelling |
| spellingShingle | Martin Talvik Simo Ilomets Paul Klõšeiko Targo Kalamees Mattias Põldaru Dariusz Heim Hygrothermal Performance of Thick PCM Mortar behind PV Panels in Energy-Activated ETICS Facades Buildings ETICS building-integrated PV (BIPV) PCM En-ActivETICS hygrothermal performance hygrothermal modelling |
| title | Hygrothermal Performance of Thick PCM Mortar behind PV Panels in Energy-Activated ETICS Facades |
| title_full | Hygrothermal Performance of Thick PCM Mortar behind PV Panels in Energy-Activated ETICS Facades |
| title_fullStr | Hygrothermal Performance of Thick PCM Mortar behind PV Panels in Energy-Activated ETICS Facades |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hygrothermal Performance of Thick PCM Mortar behind PV Panels in Energy-Activated ETICS Facades |
| title_short | Hygrothermal Performance of Thick PCM Mortar behind PV Panels in Energy-Activated ETICS Facades |
| title_sort | hygrothermal performance of thick pcm mortar behind pv panels in energy activated etics facades |
| topic | ETICS building-integrated PV (BIPV) PCM En-ActivETICS hygrothermal performance hygrothermal modelling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/6/1572 |
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