Proximal Active Optical Sensing Operational Improvement for Research Using the CropCircle ACS-470, Implications for Measurement of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Active radiometric reflectance is useful to determine plant characteristics in field conditions. However, the physics of silicone diode-based sensing are temperature sensitive, where a change in temperature affects photoconductive resistance. High-throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP) is a modern appr...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5044 |
| _version_ | 1797596767856885760 |
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| author | Matthew M. Conley Alison L. Thompson Reagan Hejl |
| author_facet | Matthew M. Conley Alison L. Thompson Reagan Hejl |
| author_sort | Matthew M. Conley |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Active radiometric reflectance is useful to determine plant characteristics in field conditions. However, the physics of silicone diode-based sensing are temperature sensitive, where a change in temperature affects photoconductive resistance. High-throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP) is a modern approach using sensors often mounted to proximal based platforms for spatiotemporal measurements of field grown plants. Yet HTPP systems and their sensors are subject to the temperature extremes where plants are grown, and this may affect overall performance and accuracy. The purpose of this study was to characterize the only customizable proximal active reflectance sensor available for HTPP research, including a 10 °C increase in temperature during sensor warmup and in field conditions, and to suggest an operational use approach for researchers. Sensor performance was measured at 1.2 m using large titanium-dioxide white painted field normalization reference panels and the expected detector unity values as well as sensor body temperatures were recorded. The white panel reference measurements illustrated that individual filtered sensor detectors subjected to the same thermal change can behave differently. Across 361 observations of all filtered detectors before and after field collections where temperature changed by more than one degree, values changed an average of 0.24% per 1 °C. Recommendations based on years of sensor control data and plant field phenotyping agricultural research are provided to support ACS-470 researchers by using white panel normalization and sensor temperature stabilization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:57:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6693d800d0ce4ec4bf1bb99fe2ef7a5c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:57:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-6693d800d0ce4ec4bf1bb99fe2ef7a5c2023-11-18T08:31:47ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-05-012311504410.3390/s23115044Proximal Active Optical Sensing Operational Improvement for Research Using the CropCircle ACS-470, Implications for Measurement of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)Matthew M. Conley0Alison L. Thompson1Reagan Hejl2U.S. Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pullman, WA 99163, USAU.S. Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USAActive radiometric reflectance is useful to determine plant characteristics in field conditions. However, the physics of silicone diode-based sensing are temperature sensitive, where a change in temperature affects photoconductive resistance. High-throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP) is a modern approach using sensors often mounted to proximal based platforms for spatiotemporal measurements of field grown plants. Yet HTPP systems and their sensors are subject to the temperature extremes where plants are grown, and this may affect overall performance and accuracy. The purpose of this study was to characterize the only customizable proximal active reflectance sensor available for HTPP research, including a 10 °C increase in temperature during sensor warmup and in field conditions, and to suggest an operational use approach for researchers. Sensor performance was measured at 1.2 m using large titanium-dioxide white painted field normalization reference panels and the expected detector unity values as well as sensor body temperatures were recorded. The white panel reference measurements illustrated that individual filtered sensor detectors subjected to the same thermal change can behave differently. Across 361 observations of all filtered detectors before and after field collections where temperature changed by more than one degree, values changed an average of 0.24% per 1 °C. Recommendations based on years of sensor control data and plant field phenotyping agricultural research are provided to support ACS-470 researchers by using white panel normalization and sensor temperature stabilization.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5044active optical reflectanceNDVIproximal phenotypinghigh-throughput phenotyping |
| spellingShingle | Matthew M. Conley Alison L. Thompson Reagan Hejl Proximal Active Optical Sensing Operational Improvement for Research Using the CropCircle ACS-470, Implications for Measurement of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Sensors active optical reflectance NDVI proximal phenotyping high-throughput phenotyping |
| title | Proximal Active Optical Sensing Operational Improvement for Research Using the CropCircle ACS-470, Implications for Measurement of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) |
| title_full | Proximal Active Optical Sensing Operational Improvement for Research Using the CropCircle ACS-470, Implications for Measurement of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) |
| title_fullStr | Proximal Active Optical Sensing Operational Improvement for Research Using the CropCircle ACS-470, Implications for Measurement of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proximal Active Optical Sensing Operational Improvement for Research Using the CropCircle ACS-470, Implications for Measurement of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) |
| title_short | Proximal Active Optical Sensing Operational Improvement for Research Using the CropCircle ACS-470, Implications for Measurement of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) |
| title_sort | proximal active optical sensing operational improvement for research using the cropcircle acs 470 implications for measurement of normalized difference vegetation index ndvi |
| topic | active optical reflectance NDVI proximal phenotyping high-throughput phenotyping |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5044 |
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