Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol in PM2.5 at Wanzhou in the Southwest of China
Hourly organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in PM2.5 were measured from June 2013 to May 2014 in Wanzhou, the second largest city in the Chongqing Municipality, in the southwest of China. Results show that the annual average concentrations of OC and EC were 13.16 ± 7.98 and 3...
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MDPI AG
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/9/2/37 |
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| author | Yimin Huang Yuan Liu Liuyi Zhang Chao Peng Fumo Yang |
| author_facet | Yimin Huang Yuan Liu Liuyi Zhang Chao Peng Fumo Yang |
| author_sort | Yimin Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hourly organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in PM2.5 were measured from June 2013 to May 2014 in Wanzhou, the second largest city in the Chongqing Municipality, in the southwest of China. Results show that the annual average concentrations of OC and EC were 13.16 ± 7.98 and 3.12 ± 1.51 μgC·m−3, respectively. Clear seasonal variations of OC and EC concentrations were observed, with their concentrations at minima in summer and maxima in winter. The diel concentration profile of OC and EC presented a bimodal pattern, which was attributed to the cooperative effects of local meteorological conditions and source emissions. The daily average OC/EC ratio ranged from 2.05 to 8.17 with an average of 4.15 for the whole study period. Strong correlations between OC and EC were found in winter and spring, indicating their common sources, while their correlations were poorer in summer and autumn, indicating that the influence of biogenic emissions and secondary organic carbon (SOC) were significant during those seasons. The estimated SOC concentrations were 2.19 ± 1.55, 7.66 ± 5.89, 5.79 ± 3.51, and 3.43 ± 2.26 μgC·m−3, accounting for 29.2%, 52.7%, 27.4%, and 30.5% of total organic carbon in summer, autumn, winter, and spring, respectively. The analysis of back trajectories suggested that high PM2.5, OC, and EC concentrations were associated with air masses originating from or passing over several industrial centers and urban areas in western and northwestern China. Air trajectories from the southeast with short pathways were the dominant trajectories arriving at Wanzhou, indicating that local sources had a big influence on PM2.5, OC, and EC concentrations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:29:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-66aa174b6cef49b9923242bef588657e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:29:11Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-66aa174b6cef49b9923242bef588657e2022-12-21T22:51:51ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332018-01-01923710.3390/atmos9020037atmos9020037Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol in PM2.5 at Wanzhou in the Southwest of ChinaYimin Huang0Yuan Liu1Liuyi Zhang2Chao Peng3Fumo Yang4Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Reservoir Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, ChinaKey Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Reservoir Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, ChinaKey Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404100, ChinaHourly organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in PM2.5 were measured from June 2013 to May 2014 in Wanzhou, the second largest city in the Chongqing Municipality, in the southwest of China. Results show that the annual average concentrations of OC and EC were 13.16 ± 7.98 and 3.12 ± 1.51 μgC·m−3, respectively. Clear seasonal variations of OC and EC concentrations were observed, with their concentrations at minima in summer and maxima in winter. The diel concentration profile of OC and EC presented a bimodal pattern, which was attributed to the cooperative effects of local meteorological conditions and source emissions. The daily average OC/EC ratio ranged from 2.05 to 8.17 with an average of 4.15 for the whole study period. Strong correlations between OC and EC were found in winter and spring, indicating their common sources, while their correlations were poorer in summer and autumn, indicating that the influence of biogenic emissions and secondary organic carbon (SOC) were significant during those seasons. The estimated SOC concentrations were 2.19 ± 1.55, 7.66 ± 5.89, 5.79 ± 3.51, and 3.43 ± 2.26 μgC·m−3, accounting for 29.2%, 52.7%, 27.4%, and 30.5% of total organic carbon in summer, autumn, winter, and spring, respectively. The analysis of back trajectories suggested that high PM2.5, OC, and EC concentrations were associated with air masses originating from or passing over several industrial centers and urban areas in western and northwestern China. Air trajectories from the southeast with short pathways were the dominant trajectories arriving at Wanzhou, indicating that local sources had a big influence on PM2.5, OC, and EC concentrations.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/9/2/37fine particleorganic carbonelemental carbonsecondary organic carbon |
| spellingShingle | Yimin Huang Yuan Liu Liuyi Zhang Chao Peng Fumo Yang Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol in PM2.5 at Wanzhou in the Southwest of China Atmosphere fine particle organic carbon elemental carbon secondary organic carbon |
| title | Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol in PM2.5 at Wanzhou in the Southwest of China |
| title_full | Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol in PM2.5 at Wanzhou in the Southwest of China |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol in PM2.5 at Wanzhou in the Southwest of China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol in PM2.5 at Wanzhou in the Southwest of China |
| title_short | Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol in PM2.5 at Wanzhou in the Southwest of China |
| title_sort | characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in pm2 5 at wanzhou in the southwest of china |
| topic | fine particle organic carbon elemental carbon secondary organic carbon |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/9/2/37 |
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