Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatments
Background Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (OWCL) is endemic in Iran and most cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are caused by Leishmania major, and then Leishmania tropica, and rarely by Leishmania infantum. Objective We aimed to describe clinical variants of OWCL and their treatments. Method...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Dermatological Treatment |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2019.1704214 |
| _version_ | 1797683611718123520 |
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| author | Alireza Firooz Hossein Mortazavi Ali Khamesipour Maryam Ghiasi Robabeh Abedini Kamran Balighi Nafiseh Esmaili Mansour Nassiri-Kashani S. Ebrahim Eskandari Mehdi Mohebali Akram Mir Amin Mohammadi Yahya Dowlati |
| author_facet | Alireza Firooz Hossein Mortazavi Ali Khamesipour Maryam Ghiasi Robabeh Abedini Kamran Balighi Nafiseh Esmaili Mansour Nassiri-Kashani S. Ebrahim Eskandari Mehdi Mohebali Akram Mir Amin Mohammadi Yahya Dowlati |
| author_sort | Alireza Firooz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (OWCL) is endemic in Iran and most cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are caused by Leishmania major, and then Leishmania tropica, and rarely by Leishmania infantum. Objective We aimed to describe clinical variants of OWCL and their treatments. Method Through literature search in PubMed, Scopus and Embase and google scholar, we have found articles about variant clinical pictures of OWCL and their treatments. Results The following clinical variants of OWCL namely; localized forms, zosteriform, erysipeloid, eczematoid, warty, localized Leishmania lymphadenitis, sporotrichoid, hyperkeratotic, impetiginized, mucosal involvement in CL, lupoid leishmaniasis, chronic lesions due to leishmanization, disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis, reactivation of CL after transplantation and coexistence of CL with other diseases, are reported from Iran. The mainstay of therapy remains pentavalent antimonial compounds and cryotherapy is an adjuvant to therapy. Treatment with antifungal agents, miltefosine, amphotericin B and herbal extract such as ZH-E have also been used. Treatment of CL in chronic cases and in immunosuppressed patients is difficult and relapse may occur. Conclusion In clinical variants of CL with long duration and multiple lesions, systemic pentavalent antimonial compounds are first step of therapy. In case of incomplete response or resistant to classic treatment, combination therapy is indicated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:17:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-66ac0fafcca84ee39e6a7af788a0a7cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0954-6634 1471-1753 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:17:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Dermatological Treatment |
| spelling | doaj.art-66ac0fafcca84ee39e6a7af788a0a7cf2023-09-15T14:23:04ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Dermatological Treatment0954-66341471-17532021-10-0132767368310.1080/09546634.2019.17042141704214Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatmentsAlireza Firooz0Hossein Mortazavi1Ali Khamesipour2Maryam Ghiasi3Robabeh Abedini4Kamran Balighi5Nafiseh Esmaili6Mansour Nassiri-Kashani7S. Ebrahim Eskandari8Mehdi Mohebali9Akram Mir Amin Mohammadi10Yahya Dowlati11Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi HospitalCenter for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi HospitalDepartment of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi HospitalDepartment of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi HospitalDepartment of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi HospitalCenter for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical SciencesCenter for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesCenter for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical SciencesCenter for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical SciencesBackground Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (OWCL) is endemic in Iran and most cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are caused by Leishmania major, and then Leishmania tropica, and rarely by Leishmania infantum. Objective We aimed to describe clinical variants of OWCL and their treatments. Method Through literature search in PubMed, Scopus and Embase and google scholar, we have found articles about variant clinical pictures of OWCL and their treatments. Results The following clinical variants of OWCL namely; localized forms, zosteriform, erysipeloid, eczematoid, warty, localized Leishmania lymphadenitis, sporotrichoid, hyperkeratotic, impetiginized, mucosal involvement in CL, lupoid leishmaniasis, chronic lesions due to leishmanization, disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis, reactivation of CL after transplantation and coexistence of CL with other diseases, are reported from Iran. The mainstay of therapy remains pentavalent antimonial compounds and cryotherapy is an adjuvant to therapy. Treatment with antifungal agents, miltefosine, amphotericin B and herbal extract such as ZH-E have also been used. Treatment of CL in chronic cases and in immunosuppressed patients is difficult and relapse may occur. Conclusion In clinical variants of CL with long duration and multiple lesions, systemic pentavalent antimonial compounds are first step of therapy. In case of incomplete response or resistant to classic treatment, combination therapy is indicated.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2019.1704214old world cutaneous leishmaniasisclinical variantstreatmentpentavalent antimonial |
| spellingShingle | Alireza Firooz Hossein Mortazavi Ali Khamesipour Maryam Ghiasi Robabeh Abedini Kamran Balighi Nafiseh Esmaili Mansour Nassiri-Kashani S. Ebrahim Eskandari Mehdi Mohebali Akram Mir Amin Mohammadi Yahya Dowlati Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatments Journal of Dermatological Treatment old world cutaneous leishmaniasis clinical variants treatment pentavalent antimonial |
| title | Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatments |
| title_full | Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatments |
| title_fullStr | Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatments |
| title_short | Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: clinical variants and treatments |
| title_sort | old world cutaneous leishmaniasis in iran clinical variants and treatments |
| topic | old world cutaneous leishmaniasis clinical variants treatment pentavalent antimonial |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2019.1704214 |
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